People whose occupations require them to stand for long hours, like retail workers, hairdressers, or factory employees, are more susceptible to suffering strokes, according to experts on Monday, ahead of World Stroke Day. World Stroke Day is celebrated annually on October 29 to raise awareness about the condition to prevent and treat it fast. The number of people worldwide having a new stroke rose to 11.9 million in 2021 -- up by 70 per cent since 1990. Stroke-related deaths rose to 7.3 million -- up by 44 per cent since 1990. While stroke is now the third leading cause of death worldwide (after ischaemic heart disease and Covid-19), the condition is highly preventable and treatable). “Standing for extended periods can increase the risk of blood pooling in the legs, which slows circulation. This lack of efficient blood flow may lead to the formation of clots, raising the risk of stroke, particularly if these clots travel to the brain,” Dr Raghvendra Ramdasi, Consultant Neurosurgeon, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, told IANS. Ramdasi noted that over time, poor circulation can also contribute to hypertension -- another stroke risk factor. A recent study from Australia involving over 83,000 participants found that prolonged sitting or standing was linked to a higher risk of problems such as varicose veins and feeling dizzy or lightheaded. The study called for regular movements. It noted that standing for extended periods can cause blood to pool in the legs, which slows circulation and raises the possibility of blood clots. “An ischemic stroke could result from these clots dislodging and moving to the brain if there is a hole in the heart, where they would stop blood flow,” Dr. Vikram Huded, HOD and Director and Clinical Lead - Interventional Neurology at Narayana Group told IANS. The experts recommended people with existing heart disease, hypertension, or a family history of stroke be particularly careful and take frequent breaks to move around. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
28 October,2024 04:38 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSExercising to lose weight? High-intensity physical workouts may be more beneficial, especially for women, according to a study. The study, published in the Journal of the Endocrine Society, showed that more than moderate exercise, and engaging in vigorous physical activity like jumping rope, swimming, and cycling can suppress hunger levels in healthy adults. The small study noted that females may be more susceptible to this response. Researchers from the University of Virginia in the US showed that the effect is due to ghrelin -- a hormone that stimulates appetite. They noted that hunger levels are significantly reduced after high-intensity exercise, as compared to moderate-intensity exercise or control (no exercise). Lead author Kara Anderson, from the varsity, noted that people felt ‘less hungry’ after high-intensity exercise compared to moderate-intensity exercise. To investigate the effect of exercise intensity and sex on ghrelin levels and appetite in untrained humans the study included eight males and six females. The participants fasted overnight and then completed exercises of varying intensity levels. This was determined by measurements of blood lactate, followed by self-reported measurements of appetite. The results showed females had higher levels of total ghrelin compared with males. However, only females demonstrated “significantly reduced acylated ghrelin (AG)” following the intense exercise, the findings showed. AG and deacylated ghrelin (DAG) are the two forms of the hormone ghrelin. Besides hunger, ghrelin is also known to affect energy balance, appetite, glucose homeostasis, immune function, sleep, and memory. Anderson explained that exercise can be compared to a drug, whose ‘dose’ should be customised based on an individual’s personal goals”. While the study suggests that high-intensity exercise can help in appetite suppression and aid in weight loss, more research with longer follow-up duration is needed to confirm these preliminary observations. Also Read: Soumya Swaminathan: Unhealthy diets, physical inactivity driving abdominal obesity in India This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
28 October,2024 04:28 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSUnhealthy diets and physical inactivity are the main reasons for rising abdominal obesity in India, said Soumya Swaminathan, former WHO chief scientist. Swaminathan, who is currently the principal advisor for the Health Ministry’s tuberculosis programme called for expanding access to healthier diets and spaces for exercise in the country to fight against obesity, which is already a global health concern. Obesity is a known precursor to diabetes, hypertension, and cancer -- the non-communicable diseases rising significantly both in India and worldwide. “Abdominal obesity - unhealthy diets and physical inactivity are driving this unhealthy trend,” Swaminathan said in a post on X. “More awareness, nutrition literacy, expanded access to healthier diets, spaces for exercise needed,” she added, citing a recent study on abdominal obesity, published in the journal The Lancet Regional Health. The study led by researchers from IIHMR University in Jaipur and Johns Hopkins University’s Bloomberg School of Public Health in the US, is based on data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) conducted in 2019-21. The results showed that abdominal obesity is more prevalent among women (40 per cent) than men (12 per cent). About 5-6 out of 10 women between the ages of 30 and 49 are abdominally obese. The association of abdominal obesity in women is stronger in elderly women and non-vegetarians. While abdominal obesity is more prevalent among people living in urban areas, the study showed that it is also on the rise in rural areas and is penetrating lower and middle socioeconomic sections of society. In India, BMI has conventionally been used to measure obesity. For the first time, the NFHS-5 assessed abdominal obesity through the waist circumference of 6,59,156 women and 85,976 men (aged between 15 and 49 years). The study thus found that some women with healthy BMI also have abdominal obesity. Kerala (65.4 per cent), Tamil Nadu (57.9 per cent), Punjab (62.5 per cent), and Delhi (59 per cent) showed a high prevalence of abdominal obesity, while Jharkhand (23.9 per cent) and Madhya Pradesh (24.9 per cent) had lower prevalence. Besides indicating an “emerging health risk for Indian women”, the study also showed “a double burden of malnutrition” in the country. The researchers urged the government to take proactive steps “to design targeted interventions for the groups who have high abdominal obesity, particularly for the women in their thirties and forties”. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
28 October,2024 02:33 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSLong-Covid -- continued illness post Covid-19 -- is common after other respiratory infections, according to a study. A team of researchers from the University of Oxford in the UK analysed data from 190,000 participants. They classified them into: people hospitalised with Covid and those hospitalised with other lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). These were then compared with a reference group with no LRTI hospitalisations. Participants completed surveys reporting on 45 different physical and psychological symptoms observed across the ear, nose, and throat; respiratory; neurological; gastrointestinal; and musculoskeletal systems. The findings, published in JAMA Network Open, showed that people hospitalised with Covid had higher risks of 23 out of 45 symptoms. Similarly, those hospitalised for non-Covid LRTIs had 18 out of 45. Dr. Junqing Xie from NDORMS at the varsity said the “post-acute effects of Covid-19 are not unique”. These “can also occur with other severe respiratory infections," explained Junqing. While those with Long Covid are more likely to suffer from continued fatigue, breathlessness, and even brain fog. Some previous studies have shown that Covid patients are also likely to have a persistent loss of taste. However, neurological and cognitive symptoms were also observed in the latest study. They found that problems with thinking and communicating were higher than in the reference group. But it was also higher than those hospitalised for other LRTIs. Junqing called for expanding understanding of long-term health consequences that can arise from other severe respiratory infections. This is when healthcare systems worldwide continue to grapple with the after-effects of the Covid pandemic. He also stressed the need for recognising differences/similarities between post-acute infections caused by a different virus. This can help plan better preventive measures and tailored care for these patients. Also Read: Delhi air pollution: Doctors report 30 per cent rise in asthma, COPD cases This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
28 October,2024 12:35 PM IST | Mumbai | IANS
Every year, World Stroke Day is observed on October 29 around the globe to raise awareness about the condition. While the theme for World Stroke Day 2024 is "#GreaterThanStroke Active Challenge", one can't ignore how just like heart attacks, younger people are also vulnerable to strokes. While understanding the causes of suffering from a stroke is necessary, it is also important to know the effects and how people around can help. In an attempt to simplify strokes, mid-day.com spoke to Dr Nitin Jagasia, regional director, of emergency medical services, Western Region, Apollo Hospitals in Navi Mumbai and Dr Pankaj Agarwal, head of the Department of Neurology, Gleneagles Hospital in Parel to understand more. They not only highlight the causes and effects but also treatment, and how people around can help in recovery. What are the causes of getting a stroke? Jagasia: A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked or disrupted, leading to cell damage in critical brain areas. There are two primary types: ischemic stroke, where a clot blocks an artery, and hemorrhagic stroke, where a blood vessel bursts. Risk factors that increase the chance of ischemic stroke often include high blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, and a history of heart disease, while hemorrhagic strokes can be related to weakened blood vessels, aneurysms, or uncontrolled hypertension (high blood pressure). Genetics also play a role, with some people more predisposed due to family history. Many of these risk factors accumulate gradually, making regular health check-ups, a balanced diet, exercise, and stress reduction essential for reducing stroke risk. What are the symptoms of a stroke? Jagasia: The symptoms of a stroke often appear suddenly, and the key is to recognise them as quickly as possible. They include: Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body Confusion or difficulty speaking or understanding speech Trouble seeing in one or both eyes Dizziness, difficulty walking, or loss of balance and coordination Severe headache with no known cause The acronym “BE – FAST” is a helpful way to remember these signs: Balance - unsteady Eyes – vision changes Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech – altered or loss, and Time – call emergency services. Acting quickly is crucial, as prompt treatment can significantly improve outcomes and limit long-term impacts. What are the effects of a stroke? Jagasia: A stroke can have a profound effect on physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning. Some individuals experience partial paralysis, often on one side of the body, which may impact their ability to walk or use their hands. Speech difficulties are common, especially if the stroke affects areas of the brain responsible for language processing, resulting in struggles with speaking, understanding, reading, or writing. Memory challenges, slower cognitive processing, mood changes, and depression are other effects that can emerge post-stroke. Each person’s recovery journey is unique, often involving physical, occupational, and speech therapy to rebuild lost skills. Support from loved ones and professional caregivers makes a crucial difference in helping individuals regain as much independence as possible. Agarwal: A stroke can hurt one's overall well-being. These effects can be life-long or acute depending on various factors. The effects may include partial or complete paralysis, weakness, difficulty in speaking or understanding what others are trying to say, memory loss, experiencing a range of emotions all at once, vision changes, difficulty in swallowing or eating, fatigue, nausea, and becoming fully dependent on others. Does stroke affect different genders differently? Jagasia: Yes, stroke impacts men and women in different ways. Men generally have a higher risk of stroke at younger ages, while women’s risk increases with age, especially after menopause. Women may experience unique stroke risk factors, including hormonal changes, pregnancy-related complications, and conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or autoimmune diseases like lupus. Additionally, research shows that women often face more severe long-term effects and higher mortality rates than men. Understanding these gender-specific risks can encourage personalised prevention strategies for women, such as managing blood pressure, understanding birth control implications, and monitoring cardiovascular health. Agarwal: Stroke does not differentiate when it comes to gender. Medical emergencies like stroke can occur to anyone irrespective of age or gender. Which age group is most affected by stroke? Jagasia: Stroke is generally more common in older adults, especially those over the age of 65. As we age, our blood vessels naturally become more rigid, increasing the likelihood of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease, which are both strong risk factors for stroke. However, people of all ages can be affected, and with the rising prevalence of lifestyle-related risk factors, strokes are no longer seen as an “older adult” condition. Awareness and early interventions can be beneficial at any age, promoting a stroke-free, healthy life well into older age. Are more younger people getting affected by stroke than older people? Jagasia: Yes, concerningly, younger populations are increasingly experiencing strokes. This trend is partly due to modern lifestyles marked by stress, sedentary behavior, and dietary changes leading to conditions like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension—all risk factors for stroke. Younger people today are more likely to be diagnosed with these conditions, and consequently, they face higher stroke risks than previous generations did at the same age. Regular check-ups, stress management, physical activity, and balanced nutrition are powerful tools to counter this trend and protect brain and heart health at all ages. Agarwal: Stroke is a medical emergency that can occur in people of all age groups. But some people are at higher risk than others. Stroke is more common after the age of 25. However, certain risk factors can heighten the risk of stroke in many. This can include risk factors like high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, smoking, substance abuse, drinking alcohol, family history, unhealthy dietary choices, and high cholesterol. What are the treatments for a stroke? Jagasia: Stroke treatments vary depending on the type and severity. For ischemic strokes, which are caused by blood clots, immediate treatment might involve administering clot-busting medications or performing mechanical thrombectomy, a minimally invasive procedure to remove the clot. Both of these treatments are time-critical i.e. small window of a few hours to deliver this treatment which can make a huge impact on the functional outcome after a stroke. For hemorrhagic strokes, treatment focuses on controlling the bleeding and reducing pressure on the brain, often through medication or surgery. Rehabilitation typically follows initial treatment, with therapy programs designed to help individuals recover physical, speech, and cognitive functions. Stroke treatment is a coordinated effort that includes neurologists, surgeons, therapists, and family support, each playing a part in the healing process. How is a brain stroke different from any other kind of stroke? Jagasia: A “brain stroke” specifically refers to a stroke that occurs in the brain, cutting off blood supply to brain tissue and leading to potential brain damage. While strokes typically refer to events affecting the brain, other “strokes” can occur in different parts of the body, like the spinal cord. Brain strokes are also commonly likened to “heart attacks,” as both are medical emergencies caused by blood flow interruption, leading to tissue damage. What sets a brain stroke apart is its impact on a person’s thoughts, language, memory, and physical abilities, making rapid diagnosis and treatment even more critical. Agarwal: Strokes happen when there's a disruption to blood flow to part of your brain and is different from a heart stroke, Brain stroke affects the blood vessels in the brain and leads to life-long disability. What are the common misconceptions about getting a stroke? Jagasia: One major misconception is that only older adults experience strokes, yet it can affect anyone, including children. Another common misunderstanding is that recovery stops after a certain period; while early treatment and rehab are crucial, improvements can continue with therapy for months or even years. Some people also think that stroke symptoms always involve dramatic signs, like collapsing or slurred speech, while symptoms may sometimes be subtle, such as a momentary loss of balance. Lastly, there’s the belief that stroke risk is entirely genetic, but lifestyle choices and preventive care play a substantial role in minimising risks. Agarwal: Here are some of the myths: Myth 1: A stroke is similar to a heart attack. Fact: Remember, brain stroke affects the brain, and heart stroke takes a toll on the heart. However, the factors causing both the strokes are same. Hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, family history, obesity, genetics, smoking, alcohol consumption, and stress can lead to both types of strokes. Myth 2: A stroke can’t be prevented. Fact: It is possible to reduce the chances of a stroke by exercising daily, eating a well-balanced diet, staying stress-free by doing yoga and meditation, and regularly monitoring blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. Take medication to manage these co-morbidities as prescribed by the doctor. Myth 3: Strokes are commonly seen in senior citizens. Fact: Currently, a majority of young people aged 25-45 are battling a stroke. The reasons are Hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, family history, obesity, genetics, smoking, alcohol consumption, and stress. Does eating different kinds of food help people in preventing a stroke? Jagasia: Yes, nutrition can have a powerful effect on stroke prevention. A heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats (like those from nuts and olive oil) supports blood vessel health. Reducing sodium, sugar, and processed foods helps manage blood pressure and cholesterol, both key factors in stroke prevention. Omega-3-rich foods like salmon, chia seeds, and walnuts offer anti-inflammatory benefits, promoting healthy blood flow and reducing clot risks. Hydration and mindful eating further contribute to a balanced lifestyle that not only reduces stroke risk but also enhances overall well-being. Agarwal: One should eat fiber and antioxidant-rich foods and avoid foods high in cholesterol, saturated fats, and trans fats that raise the risk of a stroke. Cut down, on junk, oily, sugary, canned, and processed foods. Eat fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, pulses and lentils. What is the post-treatment lifestyle that people should adopt? How can friends and family help people who have suffered from a stroke? Jagasia: Recovery after a stroke involves adopting a lifestyle that minimises further risks while supporting the healing process. This includes regular physical activity tailored to ability levels, a nutrient-dense diet, consistent medication adherence, and routine follow-ups with healthcare providers. Avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol are also important. Friends and family play a vital role in emotional support, motivating their loved ones to stick with rehab exercises and helping with daily tasks as needed. They can offer gentle encouragement, accompany them to therapy sessions, and provide companionship, which helps immensely in preventing feelings of isolation. Recovery is a shared journey, and with a positive, supportive environment, those recovering from stroke often find greater confidence and resilience on their path to renewed health. Agarwal: One should keep the diabetes, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels under control. Bid adieu to smoking, alcohol, and illicit drug use, exercise daily, and eat a nutritious diet. Practice mindful techniques such as yoga and meditation. Disclaimer: This does not replace professional medical advice. Consult a qualified medical expert for personalised guidance. Also Read: World Arthritis Day 2024: Why more young people are developing arthritis
28 October,2024 10:11 AM IST | Mumbai | Nascimento PintoAmid the growing use of weight loss medications, a new study has raised concerns about declining skeletal muscle health caused by the popular drugs. In a recent commentary published in The Lancet journal, researchers from the US and Canada highlighted the critical importance of skeletal muscle mass in the context of medically induced weight loss, particularly with the widespread use of GLP-1 receptor agonists. While the drugs have shown extreme potential in treating obesity -- a precursor for many diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and cancer -- they can also lead to substantial muscle loss as part of the weight loss process, argued researchers from Pennington Biomedical Research Center in the US, Universities of Alberta and McMaster in Canada. They noted that muscle loss -- measured by decreases in fat-free mass -- can account for 25 to 39 per cent of total weight lost through the 36 to 72 weeks. The role of skeletal muscle is not only for maintaining physical strength and function but it is also crucial for metabolic health and regulation of the body’s immune system. The team found that GLP-1 receptor agonists lead to significantly larger muscle decline than with a non-pharmacological caloric restriction diet or normal ageing. This, the researchers said, “could lead to unintended negative health consequences”. People with poor muscle mass have decreased immunity, and are at increased risk of infections, poor glucose regulation, and other health risks. Further, the researchers noted that muscle loss caused by weight reduction can also worsen sarcopenic obesity -- prevalent among individuals with obesity, and contributes to cardiovascular disease and higher mortality rates. Dr. Steven Heymsfield, professor of metabolism and body composition at Pennington, called on people going for weight loss drugs to be “mindful of the side effects”. He added that, while on the medications people are “eating less and not getting the appropriate amount of dietary vitamins and minerals”. An adequate amount of protein along with an optimum amount of exercise should be explored along with the medications, suggested the researchers. Also Read: Midday Explains | Weight-loss drugs, diet fads, viral trends: Are they worth it for weight management? Experts answer This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
27 October,2024 12:34 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSAmidst India's escalating tobacco epidemic, where four out of 10 households grapple with smoking addiction, a new report on Friday revealed that 65 per cent of healthcare professionals in the country call for safer novel tobacco alternatives to save lives. The report from the Doctors Against Addiction (DAAD) survey, in collaboration with Saizen Global Insights and Consulting, revealed a pivotal shift in the perspectives of healthcare professionals with 65 per cent of doctors supporting integrating safer cessation alternatives, such as nicotine replacement therapies and heat-not-burn products, into smoking cessation efforts. They emphasised the need for further efficacy research of these alternatives. The finding marks a significant moment in India’s ongoing battle against tobacco addiction, which contributes to over 930,000 deaths annually -- equating to more than 2,500 lives lost every day due to smoking-related diseases. “Tobacco addiction is India’s most pressing public health challenge. To combat this, we must prioritise scientifically permitted alternatives for tobacco cessation. As healthcare professionals, guiding patients toward safer options is crucial to saving lives and mitigating tobacco’s devastating impact,” said Dr Mohsin Wali, Padma Shri Awardee and senior consultant at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital. “India’s tobacco crisis is a national emergency, requiring immediate intervention. While innovative cessation technologies have potential, concerns remain over the lack of structured support for transitioning to novel safer alternatives. Urgent statutory recommendations of scientifically-proven cessation solutions,” added Dr Manish Sharma, chief coordinator of DAAD. In the survey involving 300 healthcare professionals, over 70 per cent of doctors cited addiction severity and low motivation, and 60 per cent pointed to a lack of cessation resources as key barriers to quitting. It revealed that smoking cessation in India is hindered by inadequate follow-up care and poor implementation of evidence-based methods. Only 7.4 per cent of healthcare providers consistently offer cessation advice, and just 56.4 per cent arrange follow-up consultations, highlighting significant gaps. “Tobacco addiction needs multifaceted solutions. The rise of safer novel alternative products for cessation provides an opportunity to rethink our strategies. By integrating these cessation strategies and enhancing public knowledge about this, and around digital platforms and resources, we can drastically improve our intervention outcomes,” Dr Pawan Gupta, Senior Consultant in Pulmonary Medicine at BLK-MAX Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi. The findings highlight a critical need for policy reform, increased public awareness, the integration of modern technologies, and safer novel alternatives to support those struggling with addiction. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
26 October,2024 02:01 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSEven as India celebrates a decade of being polio-free, it is important to identify areas with low polio vaccination coverage to protect children from the devastating disease, and pave the way for a healthy future, said experts on World Polio Day on October 24. World Polio Day is celebrated on October 24 every year to raise awareness about polio -- a viral disease that mainly affects children below the age of five. India has achieved a significant milestone in eradicating polio with the country declared free of polio by the World Health Organization in 2014. However, polio remains a threat, and the pace of the polio vaccine has also slowed down in India, with the coverage levels being poorest in the north-east, as seen in recent data from the National Family Health Survey. This is also reflected in the recent case in August, where a two-year-old child in Meghalaya's West Garo Hills district was confirmed to have a case of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV). Earlier in 2022, an immunodeficiency-related vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) specimen was detected in Kolkata through routine surveillance, though this did not equate to a case of polio in the area. “Given the high vaccination coverage in India, these detections do not result in increased cases of polio. However, there is concern that if vaccination rates decline, the polio viruses could re-enter the population and cause disease. Therefore, it is crucial to identify areas with low vaccination coverage and take corrective action,” Dr. Rajeev Jayadevan, Chairman of the Kerala State IMA Research Cell, told IANS. “While India has been polio-free for 10 years, we must remain vigilant, especially with the virus still present in neighbouring countries,” said Deepak Kapur, Chairman of Rotary International’s India National PolioPlus Committee (RI-INPPC), at an event on Thursday. “With only two endemic countries remaining -- Pakistan and Afghanistan -- we can finally see the silver lining on the horizon, therefore, keep our focus on immunisation,” he added. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), launched in 1988, efficiently reduced over 99.9 per cent polio cases, and also eradicated wild poliovirus (WPV) types 2 and 3. “India has achieved significant milestones in polio eradication within the duration of the last twenty years. However, the fight is still on as some sensibilities still remain because of: poor healthcare facilities; reluctance to vaccination; and socio-economic factors,” Dr. Parimala V Thirumalesh, Sr. Consultant - Neonatology &Pediatrics, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, said. Constant improvement in surveillance, vaccination coverage, and community involvement continues to be crucial in the fight against polio which can be transmitted via eating or drinking contaminated substances and lead to partial paralysis and even death. “We must remain vigilant as challenges persist, particularly in regions where vaccine-derived polio remains a threat. We must innovate and adapt our strategies to reach the most vulnerable populations. Empowering local health workers is vital, as they are key to building trust within communities and addressing vaccine hesitancy,” Dr Ritesh Yadav, Consultant, Internal Medicine, Paras Health, Gurugram, said. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
26 October,2024 09:32 AM IST | New Delhi | IANSCorneal blindness is on the rise in India, with the country seeing an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 new cases every year, claimed Dr. Smit Bavaria, Cataract Surgeon, Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital, Mumbai, on Thursday. October is observed as Blindness Awareness Month every year to highlight the issues faced by blind and visually challenged people, and raise awareness about preventable factors leading to the condition. Addressing a press conference on this important issue, Dr. Bavaria stated, “The causes of corneal blindness have shifted in recent years from infectious diseases like keratitis to eye trauma and other eye complications, but the burden remains substantial, especially in rural areas where access to eye care is limited.” What is corneal blindness? Corneal blindness refers to the damage or scarring of the cornea due to infectious diseases or other disorders, that can lead to partial or complete visual impairment. Talking about the condition, Dr. Preethi Naveen, Senior Cornea and Refractive Surgeon and Medical Director, Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Bank, Chennai said, “Corneal blindness is a significant cause of vision loss in India, affecting approximately 12 lakh people. India's high prevalence of corneal blindness is primarily due to infections like trachoma and keratitis, eye injuries in industrial and agricultural settings and widespread vitamin A deficiency. Poor hygiene, delayed medical interventions and limited access to healthcare, particularly in rural areas further aggravate the problem.” She further stressed that children and working-age adults in rural areas are particularly susceptible due to malnutrition, frequent eye injuries and limited healthcare access. Elderly individuals are also at risk due to degenerative eye conditions. Overall, an estimated 1–2 per cent of India’s total population is at risk of developing corneal blindness. How to diagnose and treat corneal blindness? Addressing this question, Dr. Naveen said, “Current diagnostic methods for corneal blindness in India include a comprehensive eye examination, visual acuity testing and slit-lamp biomicroscopy, which allow ophthalmologists to assess corneal clarity and identify conditions like keratitis, ulcers or scarring. Advanced imaging techniques such as anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and corneal topography provide detailed assessments of corneal thickness and surface irregularities, aiding in accurate diagnosis. Corneal transplantation or therapeutic interventions are also highly successful in individuals without significant underlying health conditions, such as diabetes or severe immune disorders, which may complicate recovery.” Challenges in diagnosing and treating corneal blindness Challenges in accessibility and healthcare disparities persist, highlighting the need for continued and targeted interventions. Dr. Sanjana Vatsa, Cornea and Refractive Eye Surgeon, Bengaluru, Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital said, “Many patients in rural areas lack access to quality eye care services, which often results in irreversible corneal damage before they seek help. Additionally, there is a substantial gap in training and resources for healthcare providers, limiting their ability to effectively manage and treat corneal conditions. Shortage of corneal donors is also one of the major barriers, as there are few organised corneal transplant programs in place. Despite efforts to promote eye donation and corneal transplantation, the demand for corneas significantly outpaces supply, with only 25,000 to 30,000 corneal donations annually against a need for 200,000 transplants. Socio-economic factors, such as poverty and malnutrition, exacerbate the risk of corneal blindness, making it difficult to implement comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies.” The way forward Dr. Vatsa suggested the following measures to reduce incidences of corneal blindness in India: At an individual level, there is a need to increase awareness about eye health, encouraging routine eye examinations to identify and treat issues at an early stage. Launching initiatives focused on eye health education and the importance of corneal donation can increase public participation. Implementing programs to address nutritional deficiencies, particularly Vitamin A supplementation in vulnerable populations, can reduce cornea-related issues. Also Read: More than 85 per cent of blindness cases in India preventable: Experts
25 October,2024 04:23 PM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondentWith the advent of the digital revolution that ushered in a huge market for online casino and sports betting market, an estimated 80 million people globally experience gambling disorder or problematic gambling, with adolescents being the most affected, according to research published in The Lancet Public Health Commission on Friday. The Commission noted that children and adolescents are routinely exposed to advertising of gambling products in "unprecedented ways" and are the most affected. It is because children and adolescents remain "particularly vulnerable to the allure of easy money and the game-like designs of online gambling." They called for stronger global regulatory controls to reduce the impact of commercial gambling on worldwide health and wellbeing. An international team of researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis and found that approximately 448.7 million adults worldwide experience any risk gambling, where individuals experience at least one behavioural symptom or adverse personal, social, or health consequence of gambling. Of these, an estimated 80 million adults experience gambling disorder or problematic gambling. Further, gambling using online casinos or slot products was found to lead to gambling disorders in 15.8 per cent of adults and 26.4 per cent of adolescents. Gambling using sports betting products affected 8.9 per cent of adults and 16.3 per cent of adolescents. Professor Heather Wardle, Co-Chair of the Commission from the University of Glasgow said unlike the traditional Las Vegas casino or a lottery ticket, “anyone with a mobile phone now has access to what is essentially a casino in their pocket, 24 hours a day”. Wardle said that “large technology companies are deploying a variety of techniques to get more people to engage more frequently that can pose substantial health risks”. “Highly sophisticated marketing and technology make it easier to start, and harder to stop gambling. If we delay, gambling and gambling harms will become even more widely embedded as a global phenomenon and much harder to tackle,” she added. While commercial gambling is known to be associated with financial losses and the risk of financial ruin, it is also associated with physical and mental health problems, relationship and family breakdown, heightened risk of suicide and domestic violence, increased crime against property and people, and loss of employment, the researchers said. Dr Kristiana Siste, Commissioner of the Universitas Indonesia called on policymakers to “take action to protect children from the harms of gambling”. She noted that the risks of developing gambling disorders later in life due to early exposure to gambling increases are clearly evident. The Commission urged policymakers to treat gambling as a public health issue, just as alcohol and tobacco, and to bring in policy to preserve the next generation from gambling-related harms. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
25 October,2024 03:10 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSEven as air quality in the national capital continues to be in the 'very poor' category, health experts on Thursday said that prolonged exposure to air pollution may be detrimental to the brain. According to Central Pollution Control Board data (CPCB), the air quality index (AQI) was 336 at 7.30 a.m. Various monitoring stations across the national capital recorded the air quality in the 'very poor' category -- between 301 and 400. During the day, the air quality is expected to drop to the 'severe' category at places where the AQI is near 400, as per the CPCB. A recent study, published in The Lancet Planetary Health, showed short-term air pollution exposure claimed 33,000 lives annually in 10 cities in India, and Delhi topped the list with 12,000 deaths every year. Dr PN Renjen, senior consultant, neurology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, said that pollution poses a significant threat to both physical and neurological health. “Heavy metals like lead and mercury, along with volatile organic compounds, have detrimental effects on brain function. Neurotoxins from pollution can bypass the blood-brain barrier, triggering inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage,” Renjen said. “This not only impairs cognitive abilities such as memory, attention, and executive functioning but also increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In addition, pollution increases the risk of cerebral stroke due to neurotoxins and oxidative stress, which affect the arteries and contribute to atherosclerosis,” the doctor said. Higher levels of particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure can increase the risk of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, revealed recent studies, published in the JAMA Network Open. Prolonged exposure to air pollution has also been associated with reduced brain volume, accelerated brain ageing, and higher rates of mental health disorders, including depression and anxiety. Children and the elderly are particularly vulnerable, with studies showing that children exposed to high levels of pollution may experience impaired cognitive development, while older adults face a heightened risk of cognitive decline. Besides the brain, rising pollution levels can also affect eyes, and skin and lead to respiratory issues. “Exposure to smoke and particulate matter can cause redness, itching, and tearing in eyes, while increased pollen and pollutants can exacerbate allergies,” Dr. Mukesh Mehra, Senior Director-Internal Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital told IANS. Pollutants can also cause skin irritation, breakouts, and allergic reactions. Long-term exposure can also lead to skin damage and premature ageing, trigger asthma attacks and other chronic respiratory diseases, the doctor said. The experts called on to create a safe indoor environment with air purifiers; use masks while going outside during high pollution levels, and eat healthy. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
24 October,2024 06:48 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSADVERTISEMENT
