Long-term exposure to air pollution may cause severe harm to the lung health of children and significantly raise the risk of lung cancer and respiratory diseases like asthma and bronchitis, warned experts on Friday, even as Delhi-NCR's air quality remained severely poor for the third consecutive day. On Friday morning, the National Capital's Air Quality Index (AQI) reached a severe level of 409, while the readings in neighbouring cities in Haryana and Uttar Pradesh were also above the 300 mark. To safeguard children, all primary schools in Delhi have been moved online, Chief Minister Atishi announced in a post on X. She said the online classes for primary school children will continue "until further directions". Children are especially vulnerable to the harmful effects of air pollution, which can increase their long-term risk of developing lung cancer. “While lung cancer is rare in childhood, polluted air containing toxic particles like carbon compounds and heavy metals can damage the cells lining their respiratory tracts. This exposure often leads to chronic conditions like asthma and bronchitis, which are alarmingly common in urban areas,” Dr. Nithin SG, Consultant, Medical Oncology at the CK Birla Hospital, Delhi, told IANS. “Over time, repeated damage and inflammation from pollutants may set the stage for serious lung diseases, including cancer, as they age. Reducing pollution is crucial to safeguarding children’s health and minimising their future cancer risk,” he added. Air pollution no longer remains an environmental concern. It has now become a public health emergency impacting the whole country, majorly the north. The situation, which annually peaks from October to December, requires urgent attention. “The impact on future generations is significant, as a child exposed to high levels of pollution may inhale the equivalent of 10 cigarettes from their very first day of life,” Dr. Arvind Kumar, Chairman, Institute of Chest Surgery, Chest Onco Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Medanta Hospital, Gurugram told IANS. A recent study conducted by Lung Care Foundation, which performed spirometry tests in 3 Delhi schools covering over 3000 children, found that one-third of the children under the age group of 11-17 years were asthmatic, with air pollution identified as a significant risk factor. The doctor added that “there is a startling rise in respiratory issues around this time every year, but it’s crucial to note that pollution affects not only the lungs but all organs in the body”. The experts called for using preventive measures such as wearing face masks and limiting outdoor activities during peak pollution hours. "Public awareness is equally important, especially in rural areas where knowledge about lung health protection remains limited and there is a myth that rural areas are less polluted; we are now seeing an equal number of lung cancer cases come from villages and cities,” Kumar said. The experts also called for a focused national effort to control air pollution for the country's health. Also Read: Air pollution can cause digestive issues: Doctors This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
15 November,2024 02:15 PM IST | Delhi | IANSIf not managed on time, diabetes can prove to be silent killer for many. As World Diabetes Day was observed on November 14, a study found that the Covid-19 pandemic has not only reshaped daily routines but also accelerated trends in diabetes and metabolic health causing alarming changes in disease onset age, weight gain and associated complications such as liver and kidney issues. Dr. Rajiv Kovil's clinics in Mumbai conducted a comparative analysis of patient profiles pre-pandemic (March 24, 2016 - March 23, 2020) and post-pandemic (March 24, 2020 - March 23, 2024) revealing alarming changes in disease patterns. Dr. Rajiv Kovil, Head of Diabetology, Zandra Healthcare and Co-founder of Rang De Neela Initiative, said, “One of the most significant shifts has been in the age of type 2 diabetes onset. The average age dropped from 47 years pre-pandemic to 42 years post-pandemic, with a growing number of diagnoses now occurring in individuals in their late 20s and 30s. Weight gain among newly diagnosed has also surged, with average weights rising from 75 kg to 84 kg for men and from 61 kg to 69 kg for women. In particular, women have shown a concerning increase in body fat composition, with an average of 42 per cent compared to 36 per cent in men, largely driven by visceral fat—a key risk factor for metabolic complications.” “Post-pandemic, the majority of newly diagnosed diabetes cases exhibit complex metabolic disorders. Over 95 per cent of new patients have dyslipidemia, and hypertension at diagnosis has climbed to 30 per cent from the previous 19 per cent,” he revealed. “Indicators of chronic kidney disease, such as elevated uric acid and proteinuria, now affect 18 per cent of new patients, up from 12 per cent pre-pandemic,” he further highlighted. Lifestyle parameters highlight behavioural shifts that exacerbate these health issues. “Dietary recall among newly diagnosed patients shows a jump in the frequency of outside meals, from twice weekly pre-pandemic to six times weekly post-pandemic. Self-reported sleep duration has also dropped, from an average of 7.5 hours per night to 6.8 hours, suggesting an increase in stress and disrupted sleep patterns that can worsen diabetes risk factors. These findings emphasise the urgent need for public health interventions targeting lifestyle management and early metabolic screening to address the rising tide of diabetes and its complications in younger populations,” concluded Dr. Kovil. Further explaining how Covid-19 could have caused these changes, Dr. Aarti Ullal, Physician and Diabetologist, Gleneagles Hospital, Parel, said, “Covid-19 infection may directly lead to new-onset diabetes in some patients, possibly due to the virus' effect on pancreatic cells. The pandemic also led to lifestyle changes for many people, including reduced physical activity due to lockdowns and gym closures, and increased consumption of sugary, oily and fried food leading to insulin resistance and weight gain raising the chances of diabetes. Increased stress levels, can affect blood sugar regulation. Many people postponed routine health check-ups during the pandemic, leading to delayed diabetes diagnoses. Some patients experiencing long Covid symptoms have shown signs of metabolic changes that could increase diabetes risk.” “It is the need of the hour for those with diabetes to eat a nutritious diet, exercise daily, check blood sugar levels take medication as recommended by the doctor, and maintain an optimum weight,” she added. Also Read: Consuming junk food while watching TV is increasing diabetes risk in children
15 November,2024 10:55 AM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondentCannabis consumption can cause damage to our body's cells and increase the risk of highly cancerous tumours, according to a new study on Thursday. In the study, published in the scientific journal Addiction Biology, cannabis is described as a “genotoxic” substance because it damages a cell's genetic information. This can lead to DNA mutations, accelerated ageing, and cancer. Alarmingly, this genotoxicity can be passed on to the next generation via a damaged egg and sperm -- making the risk of cannabis use trans-generational, said the researchers from the University of Western Australia. In the study, the team also linked established knowledge that cannabis use damages cellular energy production by inhibiting mitochondria with recent cancer research showing that mitochondrial dysfunction drives chromosomal damage which can surge rates of cancer, accelerated ageing, and birth defects. “The link we’ve described between cannabis use and genotoxicity has far-reaching consequences. This new research shows how genetic damage from cannabis use can be passed down the generations,” said Dr. Stuart Reece from the varsity Cannabis has been known to be linked with both micronuclear development and mitochondrial inhibition for many decades. Both human and rodent studies show that adult cannabis exposure is linked with the incidence of autism and cerebral processing difficulties in children prenatally exposed. However, the study argued that cannabinoid genotoxicity has long been “overlooked”. The researchers noted that “it may, in fact, be all around us through the rapid induction of ageing of eggs, sperm, zygotes, foetus and adult organisms with many lines of evidence demonstrating transgenerational impacts”. Together, the data is clear and robust evidence for the transgenerational transmission of major genotoxic outcomes. In light of this, Reece called on policymakers to “reframe the discussion surrounding cannabis legalisation from a personal choice to one that potentially involves multiple subsequent generations.” This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
14 November,2024 03:20 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSAccording to the World Health Organization estimates, about 422 million people worldwide have diabetes, and 1.5 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes each year. Even though diabetes can be treated and its consequences avoided or delayed with diet, physical activity, medication and regular screening and treatment for complications, the number of cases and the prevalence of diabetes have been steadily increasing over the past few decades. To bring awareness to this growing global concern, World Diabetes Day is observed around the globe on November 14 every year. Clinical research has shown that a significant number of diabetic patients suffered from sleep disorders. “Sleep apnoea is characterised by frequent episodes of involuntary pause in breathing during sleep. Studies found that moderate to severe sleep apnoea increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 30 to 50 per cent. If left untreated, sleep apnoea may increase fasting glucose and average blood glucose levels. In diabetic individuals sleep apnoea exacerbates diabetes-related complications and worsens overall health outcomes,” explains Dr. Praveen Kumar B.S, consultant of pulmonology, at Manipal Hospital. On World Diabetes Day, medical experts delve into the intricate connection between sleep disorders and the complexities of diabetes and highlight the criticality of sleep in diabetes management. They also share practical lifestyle modifications that can be adapted by individuals to enhance their quality of sleep to improve overall wellbeing. How do sleep disorders impact diabetes management? “Increasing evidence indicates that sleep disorders, particularly sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) such as obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), hurt glycaemic control, complicating diabetes treatment and increasing the risk of complications,” shares Dr Harshitha Boyareddigari, consultant, diabetes and endocrinology at Manipal Hospital, Sarjapur. Below, he outlines how poor sleep impacts and may worsen diabetes management. Dysregulated insulin resistance Illnesses, such as sleep apnoea, that disrupt deep sleep interrupt glucose regulation. Sleep enhances insulin sensitivity, which helps to stabilise blood glucose However, frequent awakenings prevent us from reaching the deep, restorative sleep stages necessary for hormonal balance. This disruption makes our bodies less responsive to insulin, leading to higher blood sugar levels and making diabetes management more difficult for individuals with sleep apnoea. Increased stress hormones Sleep disturbances caused by SDB result in the overproduction of cortisol, a stress hormone that increases the levels of blood glucose. Cortisol stimulates the liver to release more glucose into the bloodstream, further elevating blood sugar levels. For diabetics, this extra sugar causes blood sugar to spike and makes control even more difficult. This creates a vicious cycle, as increased stress hormones further hinder insulin's effectiveness. High cortisol over a long time makes our insulin resistance poorer, so the blood glucose regulation does not work anymore properly. Altered appetite hormones Poor sleep unbalances the levels of leptin (the satiety hormone) and ghrelin (the hunger hormone), leading to more appetite and cravings, most commonly for high-energy foods. These foods lead to quick spikes in blood sugar levels making diabetes management even more challenging. Plus, the excess weight you pack from overeating contributes to insulin resistance and makes blood sugars harder to control. Inflammation and cellular stress Oxygen deprivation during sleep interruptions leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, both impairing insulin signalling and glucose metabolism. Sleep deprivation leads to chronic inflammation and contributes to the progression of diabetes complications, such as neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease. Increased fatigue and decrease in physical activity Daytime lethargy as a result of poor sleep quality decreases physical activity motivation, an important facet of diabetes control. Moderate exercise enhances insulin sensitivity, but sleep problems cause chronic fatigue which then reduces physical activity and worsens a sedentary lifestyle that causes more insulin resistance. Impaired cognitive function and bad decisions Sleep deprivation brings a decline in your mental faculties, affecting both judgment as well as memory. For diabetics, this may result in poor compliance with treatment, such as forgetting to take medicine or not checking out glucose. Not getting enough sleep can make a person more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviours, such as making poorer food choices or not working out, which ultimately makes blood sugar control worse. Disrupted biological clock Circadian rhythm may disrupt the metabolism via sleep disorders, such as glucose metabolism. Higher evening blood glucose levels due to circadian misalignment leads to impaired glucose control and hyperglycemia. Recommended sleep duration for people with diabetes “Quality sleep is essential, which means maintaining a regular sleep-wake schedule, minimising sleep disruptions, and avoiding any factors that could contribute to insomnia. Restorative sleep supports better blood sugar control, mood stability, and immune function,” suggests Dr Piyush Lodha, endocrinologist at Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune.He recommends that adults with diabetes aim for 7 to 9 hours of quality sleep per night. This sleep should ideally be uninterrupted and restful, as continuous sleep allows the body to manage insulin and blood glucose levels more effectively. When should a sleep specialist or healthcare provider be consulted? People with diabetes should consult a healthcare provider or sleep specialist if they experience persistent sleep disturbances or suspect sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnoea, or restless legs syndrome. Lodha points out some key indicators to watch out for: Frequent difficulty falling or staying asleep. Excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate sleep duration. Snoring, gasping, or pauses in breathing during sleep (potential signs of sleep apnoea) Persistent high blood sugar levels despite good diet and exercise habits, may be aggravated by poor sleep. Trouble managing mood, irritability, or cognitive difficulties due to lack of sleep. Addressing these sleep issues with a specialist can lead to better blood sugar control, improved diabetes management, and enhanced overall health and well-being. Lifestyle changes for better sleep hygiene to improve diabetes management The criticality of good sleep has been established when it comes to diabetes management. Improving sleep hygiene can significantly reduce the risk of insomnia and improve diabetes management. Dr Anu Gaikwad, consultant diabetologist and HOD geriatric medicine at DPU Super Specialty Hospital, Pimpri, Pune recommends following practical lifestyle modifications to enhance your quality of sleep. Maintaining a regular sleep scheduleGoing to bed and waking up at the same time daily helps regulate the body's internal clock, making it easier to fall and stay asleep. Physical activityRegular exercise, preferably in the morning or early afternoon, can improve sleep. However, vigorous exercise should be avoided close to bedtime, as it can be stimulating. Avoid stimulants before bedtimeBoth caffeine and alcohol can interfere with sleep. Caffeine, particularly after noon, can delay sleep onset, while alcohol may disrupt sleep cycles later in the night, leading to less restful sleep. Avoid nicotine, or any other stimulants close to bed time as it disturbs the sleep. Skip heavy meals before bedEating large meals close to bedtime can cause discomfort and indigestion, which can make it difficult to sleep. A light, healthy snack, if needed, is a better choice. Create a soothing sleep environmentRelax, either by reading or meditation, before sleep to allow the body to know that it is time to sleep. Your bedroom ideally should be cool, dark and quiet. Investing in comfortable bedding and reducing exposure to noise or light (e.g., using blackout curtains) can help. Regulate screen timeAvoid using electronic devices before sleep as the blue light from phones, tablets, and computers can interfere with melatonin production, the hormone that regulates sleep. Turning off screens at least an hour before bedtime can promote better sleep. Practice relaxation techniquesSoothing practices such as deep breathing, meditation, or reading a book before bed can help lower stress and signal the body to prepare for sleep. Also Read: Consuming junk food while watching TV is increasing diabetes risk in children
14 November,2024 03:10 PM IST | Mumbai | Maitrai AgarwalDiabetes, if not timely controlled and managed, can severely affect the health of your eyes and brain, said experts on Thursday. A new study published in The Lancet revealed that about 212 million people lived with diabetes in India in 2022 -- the highest in the world. Diabetes is a condition with high blood sugar due to a deficiency in the hormone insulin. Uncontrolled blood sugars in patients with diabetes are known to have a wide range of complications involving multiple organ systems. "Uncontrolled diabetes can have a devastating impact on eye health, leading to conditions like diabetic retinopathy," Dr. Ikeda Lal, Senior cornea, Cataract and refractory surgery specialist at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital and Delhi Eye Centre, told IANS. The condition often shows no symptoms in its early stages, making routine screenings crucial. "High blood sugar levels damage the retina's delicate blood vessels, potentially causing vision loss if untreated. Early detection is key; regular eye exams can catch subtle changes before they progress,” Lal added. Managing diabetes and protecting one’s vision go hand-in-hand, making proactive care essential for long-term eye health. Timely intervention can help patients maintain their sight and quality of life. Further, uncontrolled diabetes also leads to various neurological conditions in diabetic patients. “The brain complications in diabetes are in the form of strokes, dementia (cognitive impairment like memory disturbances, impaired ability to perform activities of daily living), infections due to compromised immunity as a result of uncontrolled blood sugars, seizures or fits due to either very high blood sugars or low blood sugars (hypoglycemia),” Dr. Sowmya M, Senior Consultant – Neurology, Aster RV Hospital, told IANS. All these can be prevented by taking measures to keep the blood sugars under control, said the expert. “The outcomes of untreated and uncontrolled diabetes also include heart attacks, strokes, kidney failure, blindness, and amputations,” said Saima Wazed, WHO Regional Director for Southeast Asia on Thursday. “These complications not only impose an emotional and financial burden on individuals and families but also significant financial strain on healthcare systems,” Wazed noted, urging nations to collectively work to overcome the growing burden of diabetes. As per the latest estimates, diabetes affected nearly 246 million people in 2022 in the WHO South-East Asia Region, including India. While early detection is crucial, Wazed stated that more than 60 per cent of people with diabetes in the Region are unaware of their status. She called on to increase awareness campaigns about the prevention, detection, and management of diabetes. She also urged the need to tackle the challenges faced by individuals, communities, and health systems to access diabetes prevention and management. Also Read: Consuming junk food while watching TV is increasing diabetes risk in children This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
14 November,2024 12:40 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSOver time, several studies have established the correlation between screen time, unhealthy eating habits and the increasing prevalence of diabetes in children. This is a concerning trend, observe health experts. World Diabetes Day is marked on November 14 to raise awareness about the condition and its risk factors, prevention and treatment. While factors like genetics play a role in causing diabetes among children, environmental and situational factors like consuming junk food can also be responsible. When children are engrossed in television shows or video games, their attention is diverted from their eating habits. This distraction often leads to mindless consumption leading to obesity and diabetes in children aged 12-16. Explaining this correlation, Dr. Rohit Barnabas, Endocrinologist, Zynova Shalby Hospital, Mumbai, says, “Diabetes cases are rapidly surging not only in older people or adults but even children. The factors leading to diabetes are not only stress, family history, genetic and pancreatic damage but even excessive junk food consumption while watching the TV. The combination of sedentary behaviour and unconscious overeating creates a perfect storm for metabolic issues in children. We're observing a significant uptick in obesity rates and, consequently, early-onset of diabetes in children.” Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes. As excessive screen time coupled with junk food consumption causes the former, these habits inevitably also lead to the latter. Informing how obesity and diabetes can be interlinked in children, he says, “The link between obesity and diabetes is well-established. Excess body fat can lead to insulin resistance, a precursor to diabetes. As children gain weight, their bodies become less responsive to insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar. This sets the stage for the development of type 2 diabetes in children.” Dr. Vaishali Naik, Diabetologist, Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai, further elaborates, “Kids aged 12-16 who watch television engage in eating junk food containing high levels of saturated fats, calories and sugars. Fast food and spending too much time in front of the television are causing a spike in childhood obesity in children that is also linked to diabetes. Obesity impacts the child’s ability to use insulin and leads to abnormal blood sugar levels and diabetes.” Symptoms of diabetes in children According to Dr. Naik, some symptoms of diabetes in children are” Frequent thirst and urination Weight loss Fatigue Loss of appetite. How to prevent diabetes in children? Lifestyle changes are the most important in the prevention of diabetes among children. “By instilling healthy habits early, it is possible to protect children from the long-term health consequences of obesity and diabetes. It's not just about preventing disease as it’s about fostering a generation of healthier, happier children,” remarks Dr. Barnabas. He suggests the following prevention strategies: Parents should limit screen time for children and establish clear boundaries for TV watching and video game use. Watching TV for only 1 hour per day is recommended for children. Encourage physical activities as alternatives to screen time. This could include outdoor play, sports or family activities like walks. Stock nutritious snacks at home and limit the availability of processed junk food. Opt for fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Teach children to eat at the table, away from screens. Help children develop healthy stress coping mechanisms such as gardening, listening to music, and learning a new skill for stress that doesn't involve food or screens. Sharing more tips, Dr. Naik says, “Give them healthy snacking options: Hummus with veggies, yogurt or milk with fruit, and crunchy chickpeas instead of chips, fries, and other fried foods such as samosas. Additionally, parents should encourage children to exercise daily or play sports to stay healthy, maintain an optimum weight and prevent diabetes." Dr. Rajesh Bendre, National Technical Head, Apollo Diagnostics, Mumbai, stressed the need for regular health check-ups. He says, “Parents need to prioritise their children's health by taking them for regular health check-ups to actively monitor their physical well-being. Pre-tests like fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and oral glucose tolerance tests can help detect high blood sugar levels before they become problematic.” Regular tests and health check-ups are also necessary for children who already have diabetes. “For children with diabetes, regular monitoring of their blood sugar levels, kidney function, blood pressure and cholesterol is vital. This can help them make necessary changes in their dietary choices and lifestyle to stay healthy and fit,” says Dr. Bendre. “There is still a lack of awareness when it comes to measuring blood sugar levels in children. Parents should ensure to check the blood sugar levels at home with the help of a glucometer as suggested by the doctor and take the necessary steps to improve the quality of life of children with diabetes,” he concludes. Also Read: These superfoods can help boost health and immunity during Mumbai’s seasonal transition
14 November,2024 11:07 AM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondentFor people with diabetes, staying healthy requires more than just blood sugar control. Careful diet choices, especially reducing salt intake, are crucial because excess salt can worsen complications and increase health risks, say healthcare experts. Ahead of World Diabetes Day on November 14, top healthcare experts here highlighted the dangers of excessive salt consumption for individuals with diabetes. According to Dr. Praveen Kumar Kulkarni, Senior Consultant Internal Medicine Specialist, KIMS Hospitals, one of the primary concerns with excessive salt consumption for people with diabetes is its impact on blood pressure. “Diabetes already places individuals at an increased risk of developing high blood pressure (hypertension), a condition that exacerbates the long-term complications of the disease. Salt causes the body to retain water, which can raise blood pressure by increasing the volume of blood circulating through the blood vessels. Over time, this added strain on the cardiovascular system can lead to more severe health problems,” said Dr Praveen Kumar Kulkarni. “Hypertension is a common and serious complication of diabetes. It heightens the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage, all of which are already elevated for individuals with diabetes,” he added. Dr G. Sandeep Reddy, Consultant endocrinologist, Kamineni Hospitals pointed out that the American Heart Association (AHA) recommends that individuals with diabetes or high blood pressure aim to limit their sodium intake to not more than 1,500 milligrams per day. “This can help manage blood pressure and lower the likelihood of life-threatening cardiovascular events. Diabetic nephropathy, or kidney damage, is another major concern for people with diabetes. Over time, elevated blood sugar levels can damage the kidneys' ability to filter waste and fluids from the blood,” he explained. “Excessive salt intake can further harm the kidneys, as it places additional strain on these vital organs by requiring them to filter out more sodium and water. When the kidneys are already compromised by diabetes, the added burden of processing high levels of salt can accelerate kidney damage, leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) or even kidney failure. Kidney disease is one of the leading causes of death for people with diabetes. By cutting back on salt, individuals can help protect kidney function and reduce the risk of more severe kidney-related complications,” said Dr Sandeep. Dr. Usha Rani, General medicine senior consultant and Diabetes management, at Aster Prime Hospital believes that the risk of heart disease and stroke is significantly higher in people with diabetes due to factors like high blood pressure, poor circulation, and nerve damage. “Diabetics have thickened blood vessels and increased the likelihood of arterial blockages that can result in heart attacks or strokes. This risk is even greater for those with both diabetes and high blood pressure. Reducing salt is essential for cardiovascular health and lowering the risk of heart disease and stroke,” she said. Speaking about associated risks, Dr Namburi Anil Kumar, Senior Consultant – Internal Medicine & Diabetologist, SLG Hospitals stated that the daily requirement of salt is 5gm per day which is just under a teaspoon. “Diabetics must reduce it from their diet. In addition to raising blood pressure and worsening kidney function, excessive salt can cause the body to retain more fluid, leading to swelling, or edema. This condition is especially concerning for people with diabetes, as many individuals with the disease also experience peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage) and poor circulation. Fluid retention can exacerbate these issues, leading to painful swelling in the extremities and contributing to a feeling of heaviness or discomfort. Swelling can also impair mobility and increase the risk of infections, especially for people who may already have poor blood flow to their feet and legs,” he said. He believes that by reducing salt consumption, people with diabetes can minimise fluid retention and protect their overall health. For those managing diabetes, reducing salt intake is an important strategy for managing blood pressure, protecting kidney function, and improving cardiovascular health. While cutting back on salt can be challenging, it’s a manageable and essential step in reducing the long-term risks associated with diabetes. Also Read: Consuming too much salt? It's harming your health, say experts This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
14 November,2024 09:26 AM IST | Mumbai | IANSEven ten days after Diwali, Delhi continues to battle with heavy air pollution. Mumbai, on the other hand, is now in the ‘moderate’ category. A recent report by IANS highlighted how doctors in Delhi noted rising cases of digestive issues like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and irritable bowel disorder (IBD). Mumbai doctors say that with the current pollution levels, such cases may increase in the future. The AQI classifications are as follows: 0-50 is 'good,' 51-100 is 'satisfactory,' 101-200 is 'moderate,' 201-300 is 'poor,' 301-400 is 'very poor,' and 401-500 is 'severe’. To raise awareness about the role of air pollution in digestive issues, mid-day.com spoke to Dr Khurshed Vazifdar, consultant gastroenterologist, Holy Family Hospital in Bandra, and Dr Harshad Joshi, principal consultant, gastroenterology, Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital in Vile Parle, to understand its effects. How does air pollution affect the body beyond respiratory diseases?Vazifdar: Air pollution contributes to cardiovascular issues, neurological disorders, and gastrointestinal problems. Pollutants can disrupt gut microbiota and increase inflammation, leading to various health complications. Joshi: Air pollution is not limited to harming the respiratory system. It has widespread impacts on multiple organs due to its ability to induce oxidative stress and inflammation. Pollutants like particulate matter (PM) can penetrate deep into the body, affecting the circulatory, nervous, and gastrointestinal systems. How does it affect the body in different ways?Vazifdar: Effects of air pollution on one’s body arise from individual susceptibility, exposure duration, and the specific pollutants involved. For instance, particulate matter can penetrate the gut barrier, affecting immune responses and gut health differently. Joshi: Airborne pollutants, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5), can enter the bloodstream via the lungs, causing systemic effects. Once in circulation, these particles trigger inflammation and oxidative stress, which disrupt normal cellular function across various organs, including the gastrointestinal tract and brain. A recent report highlights how Delhi air pollution has led to increasing cases of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). How does air pollution affect the digestive system? Vazifdar: By causing inflammation and altering gut microbiota composition. Pollutants like PM2.5 can trigger stress responses in digestive cells, leading to conditions like IBS and IBD. Joshi: Pollutants ingested through food or inhaled can disturb the gut microbiome and weaken the intestinal lining, which can lead to systemic inflammation and oxidative damage in the gastrointestinal tract. Air pollution has been shown to alter the gut microbial composition, increase gut permeability, and exacerbate inflammatory pathways, creating conditions favourable for IBS and IBD. What are the effects on the digestive system on the whole? Vazifdar: Increased permeability of the gut lining, inflammation, and a higher risk of disorders such as IBS, IBD, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) due to disrupted gut microbiota. Joshi: Pollutants may aggravate digestive conditions, leading to increased susceptibility to diseases like IBS, IBD, and even appendicitis. What are its symptoms? Vazifdar: Symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhoea, and constipation. These symptoms can overlap with other conditions but are often exacerbated by environmental stressors like pollution. Joshi: In severe cases, it can also lead to flare-ups of conditions like IBS and IBD. Unlike respiratory symptoms, these gastrointestinal symptoms stem from disruptions in gut microbiota and immune responses rather than direct exposure effects. Some people already suffer from Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Does air pollution worsen it for them? Vazifdar: For individuals with IBS or IBD, air pollution can worsen symptoms by increasing gut inflammation and disrupting microbiota balance, potentially leading to flare-ups or more severe manifestations of their conditions. Joshi: This heightened response is due to the systemic inflammatory response and oxidative damage caused by air pollutants. With Delhi's air quality worsening, is there a possibility of people suffering from these diseases in Mumbai? Have you encountered cases yet or in the past years?Vazifdar: Mumbai may see rising cases of IBS and IBD due to worsening air quality similar to Delhi. There have been reports of such cases in recent years, indicating a growing concern for digestive health linked to pollution. Joshi: While Delhi faces more severe air quality issues, Mumbai’s air pollution levels are also concerning. It is plausible for individuals in Mumbai to develop or experience worsening of IBS and IBD due to pollution. While cases may not be as frequently reported as in Delhi, urban pollution in Mumbai could contribute to a rise in gastrointestinal disorders. Does one particular gender get affected more by air pollution than the other, especially beyond respiratory diseases? Which is the most vulnerable population?Vazifdar: Gender differences in vulnerability to air pollution exist. Studies suggest women may be more affected due to hormonal factors influencing immune responses. The vulnerable populations include children and those with pre-existing health conditions. Joshi: Although evidence is limited, some studies suggest that women, particularly young adults, are more susceptible to non-respiratory impacts of air pollution, including gastrointestinal symptoms. Children and the elderly, with their developing or weakened immune systems, are also vulnerable to the systemic effects of pollution. What is the treatment for issues related to the digestive system due to respiratory diseases?Vazifdar: The treatment involves managing symptoms through dietary changes, medications for inflammation, and lifestyle modifications aimed at reducing exposure to pollutants. Joshi: The treatment often involves managing inflammation and symptoms with dietary adjustments, probiotics, and anti-inflammatory medications. Those with IBS or IBD may benefit from tailored therapeutic regimens, including prebiotics, probiotics, and in some cases, biologics to mitigate inflammation. Can dietary changes help? Vazifdar: Dietary changes can help prevent IBS and IBD, emphasising whole foods rich in fibre, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties while avoiding processed foods that may exacerbate symptoms. Joshi: A balanced diet high in fibre, antioxidants, and probiotics can support gut health and potentially lower the risk of inflammation due to pollutants. Foods rich in polyphenols (for example: berries and nuts) and omega-3 fatty acids can also aid in reducing oxidative stress in the gut. What level of air quality AQI is harmful?Vazifdar: An AQI above 150 is harmful, particularly for sensitive groups; individuals should limit outdoor activities during high pollution days and consider using air purifiers indoors. Joshi: Beyond an AQI above 150, exposure to PM2.5 or higher levels can be detrimental to the gastrointestinal system. Avoiding outdoor activities during high AQI days, using air purifiers, and consuming antioxidant-rich foods to combat oxidative stress are practical steps. Share easy tips to follow to avoid getting sick due to air pollution.Vazifdar: Staying indoors on high AQI days, using air purifiers, wearing masks outdoors, maintaining a healthy diet, and staying hydrated to support overall health will be helpful.
13 November,2024 12:15 PM IST | Mumbai | Nascimento PintoA 56-year-old man who suffered from chronic back pain for over 30 years due to Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) has found relief after a successful treatment at a Mumbai hospital. Diagnosed with the condition at the age of 35, the patient experienced severe back pain that he managed with steroids, leading to harmful side effects like weight gain and osteopenia. After years of self-medication and loss of hope, the patient sought medical help. The patient marked an improvement in his condition within just three months, following a long dependency on steroids and painkillers. Dr. Dipti Patel, Consultant Rheumatologist at Wockhardt Hospital, said, “This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and the effectiveness of biologic medications in treating Ankylosing Spondylitis. Within just three months of starting the treatment, we saw a remarkable reduction in pain and stiffness. Today, the patient leads an active, pain-free life and no longer relies on steroids.” The patient’s treatment plan included gradual weaning off steroids, replacing them with biologic medications. This not only managed his AS but also reversed many of the steroid-induced side effects. What is Ankylosing Spondylitis? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that typically begins in early adulthood and affects the axial skeleton, particularly the sacroiliac joints and spine. While specific causes for AS are unknown, genetic factors seem to play a role. Some common symptoms of AS according to WHO are pain in the back or neck, stiffness in the lower back and hips, and fatigue. AS can be managed and with the right care, patients can live a completely normal life. Disclaimer: This is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Consult a qualified expert for personalized guidance. Also Read: Arjun Kapoor reveals suffering from Hashimoto’s disease: What is it?
12 November,2024 12:51 PM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondentWinter may be approaching, but Mumbai is still waiting to feel its chill. In a city where weather can be unpredictable, the seasonal transition calls for a renewed focus on health and immunity. This time of the year, superfoods become especially valuable, offering a natural support to keep one energised and protected from seasonal ailments. As Mumbai's weather shifts, building resilience against temperature fluctuations is key. From boosting immunity to maintaining steady energy, superfoods tailored to different age groups and health needs can help manage this shift. During the current season, when it starts to get cooler, some superfoods offer exceptional benefits. Jinal Patel, Dietician, Zynova Shalby Hospital, suggests, "Trying foods like spinach, pumpkin, sweet potatoes, and apples can be helpful.” These ingredients, particularly when made into warm soups, provide immune-boosting nutrients and help maintain energy in colder weather. Not only are these deliciously comforting, but they also contribute to a nutrient-rich diet, enhancing overall well-being. Immunity-boosting superfoods to prevent seasonal illnesses The transition between warm and cold weather can lead to an uptick in seasonal illnesses like cold, fever and flu. Patel says superfoods like oranges, lemons, garlic and ginger are especially beneficial for supporting immunity. "These foods are packed with essential nutrients like antioxidants and vitamin C that can help strengthen your immune system," she explains. Incorporating these ingredients into meals or drinks, such as teas and juices, can effectively help guard against infections. Superfoods for children Children, especially those between the age group of 5 to 12 have unique nutritional needs that can be met with the right superfoods. Patel recommends foods like blueberries, strawberries, yogurt and oats as excellent choices, which are ideal for breakfast. These superfoods help keep kids full and energised throughout the day, supporting their healthy growth and development, she notes. Berries and yogurt can be incorporated into smoothies or breakfast bowls for a nutritious and appealing start to the day. Superfoods for elderly individuals Elderly people, too, benefit from age-specific superfoods, especially for maintaining energy and bone health. Patel points out that "foods like nuts, seeds, and leafy greens are enriched with the goodness of omega-3 fatty acids and calcium," which are essential for joint support and bone strength during old age. These nutrient-rich foods help alleviate common issues in older age, such as stiffness and fatigue, particularly in colder months. Managing diabetes with superfoods For individuals managing diabetes, choosing the right foods can be a balancing act between blood sugar control and adequate nutrition. Superfoods such as legumes, lentils, green leafy vegetables and nuts are "low on the glycemic index", which helps in stabilising blood sugar, explains Patel. These foods provide fibre and other nutrients that help maintain steady blood sugar while keeping energy levels up. Incorporating these into regular meals can offer both health benefits and flavour variety. Hydration-friendly superfoods Staying hydrated is crucial even in cooler weather, and superfoods can aid in maintaining optimal hydration. Patel suggests watermelon, cucumber and coconut water as excellent choices. “These options have high water content and support electrolyte balance, keeping you hydrated without the bloated feeling,” she explains. Adding these superfoods to snacks or drinks throughout the day can ensure adequate hydration without compromising on taste. Superfoods for digestive and gut health Sometimes, cooler weather can make it harder to digest heavier meals, but certain superfoods ease digestion and support gut health. "Superfoods like gingers, papaya, kefir and fermented foods can help resolve all your concerns related to your gut health," says Patel. These foods can be particularly helpful after consuming rich, heavier dishes. Fermented foods like kimchi, yogurt or kombucha also introduce beneficial bacteria, which promote a healthy gut. “They have probiotics and enzymes that can not only support your gut health but also make it easier to digest, especially after eating heavier meals,” explains Patel. Nutrient-packed foods for expecting and nursing mothers Pregnant and nursing mothers have increased nutritional demands that can be supported with superfoods. Patel advises having green leafy vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts and seeds. These are loaded with essential nutrients beneficial for both mother and baby, she says. Whole foods like these provide vitamins and minerals that support development, making them ideal for women in these life stages. Skin health and hydration during seasonal shifts The fluctuating weather can impact skin health, often causing dryness and irritation. Superfoods rich in antioxidants and healthy fats, like avocados, walnuts, berries, and sweet potatoes, can help maintain skin hydration. Patel says these foods are "jam-packed with healthy fats, antioxidants, and vitamin C", keeping skin moist and hydrated despite weather change. Integrating them into daily meals, such as adding avocados to salads or berries to snacks, can provide skin-friendly nutrients and help manage weather-related dryness. Easy superfood-based meal ideas For easy integration of these superfoods into daily life, Patel recommends the following: Start with smoothies made with a variety of fruits and vegetables like spinach, bananas and berries while blending them with milk, or a dairy alternative. Snacking on mixed nuts or fresh fruits is another simple way to incorporate superfoods. These practical ideas make it easy to add nutrient-dense foods to everyday meals, whether for a busy morning or a quick afternoon snack. To help bring these nutritional powerhouses to your table, mid-day.com has gathered some simple and delicious recipes from chefs that highlight these superfoods, offering a practical way to boost your immunity, energy and overall well-being as the season transitions. Superfood recipes you can try at home Berry detox smoothie This recipe by chef Vinamr Manocha from Vivanta Goa is easy to prepare and can be had at any time of the day. Manocha says, “This could be very well enjoyed by guests who have dietary restrictions of sugar. Being high in protein, it works well with people who are very health conscious.”Ingredients:• Blueberries – 50 gms• Banana – 1• Chopped dates – 5• Greek yogurt – 200 gms• Honey to taste Method:Add all the above ingredients in the blender and blend till no lumps remain. Serve chilled. Serving tip:Add ice while blending to ensure a smoother and lighter mix, approximately 3 cubes. Buddha Bowl This vibrant Buddha Bowl by Lata Chetty from Craycraft, is a wholesome and flavourful medley of fresh, nourishing ingredients. It features creamy Tzatziki and smooth Hummus, paired with the earthy crunch of Red Quinoa for a protein-packed base. Chetty says, “This Buddha Bowl is a little love in a bowl — a perfect mix of vibrant, fresh flavours that come together to nourish you from the inside out. It’s simple, satisfying, and made to bring a smile with every bite.”Ingredients:• Red quinoa – 1/2 cup• Tzatziki (store-bought or homemade) – 1/4 cup• Hummus (store-bought or homemade) – 1/4 cup• Greek yogurt – 1/4 cup• Rocket lettuce – 1 handful• Olive oil – 1 tbsp• Salt and pepper to taste• Optional toppings: Chopped cucumber, cherry tomatoes, avocado slices or roasted chickpeas Method:1. Cook quinoa: Rinse 1/2 cup quinoa, then simmer with 1 cup water for 12-15 minutes until tender.2. Prepare dips: Stir store-bought or homemade tzatziki and hummus.3. Assemble bowl: Layer cooked quinoa at the base of a bowl.4. Add dips: Spoon tzatziki and hummus on top of the quinoa.5. Top with yogurt: Add a few teaspoons of Greek yogurt for extra creaminess.6. Add greens: Scatter rocket lettuce over the top.7. Season: Drizzle with olive oil, and season with salt and pepper.8. Optional toppings: Add any extras like cucumber, tomatoes, or avocado. Acai Bowl This recipe contains various superfoods that blend perfectly into a vibrant dish. "The Acai Bowl, with its beautiful light pink hue and a delightful mix of superfoods, is a perfect balance of health and indulgence. It's a visual treat and a delicious way to energise your day," says Chef Rupesh Ramnath Mokal, Tattva Bar & Café.Ingredients:• Epigamia Greek yogurt – 200 gms• Acai powder – 1/2 tsp• Honey – 2 tbsp (for mixing)• Maple syrup – 1 tbsp• Mixed berries – 100 gms (for garnishing)• Mixed nuts – handful, chopped (for garnishing)• Honey drizzle for finishing Method:1. Mix: In a bowl, add Epigamia Greek yogurt, 1/2 teaspoon of acai powder, honey and maple syrup. Whisk the mixture well until it turns a light pink colour and is smooth.2. Serve: Spoon the light pink acai yogurt mixture into a serving bowl.3. Garnish: Top with mixed berries and chopped nuts. Finish with a drizzle of honey for added sweetness and an appealing look.4. Enjoy: Serve immediately to enjoy the fresh and vibrant flavours. Serving tip:1. If you prefer a deeper colour, you can increase the acai powder slightly, but the light pink hue is visually appealing and ensures a balanced flavour.2. Feel free to add granola or chia seeds for extra crunch and nutrition. Incorporating superfoods into your daily meals doesn’t require drastic changes; simple adjustments can provide significant health benefits. By choosing seasonal superfoods and tailoring them to age and health needs, you can enjoy both the nutritional boost and the satisfaction of flavourful, natural foods.
12 November,2024 10:36 AM IST | Mumbai | Jyoti ShuklaPeople with chronic kidney disease (CKD), Type 2 diabetes, or both were predicted to have elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk from eight to 28 years sooner than someone without those conditions, according to a preliminary study on Monday. Scientists from Northwestern University in Chicago conducted a simulation study to estimate the impact of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction. They found that people with CKD alone would have high heart risk eight years earlier than those without the disease. Among diabetics, the risk can hit about a decade sooner than those without it. Among people with both diabetes and CKD, women were predicted to reach elevated risk for CVD 26 years earlier and men 28 years earlier than those with neither condition. “Our findings help to interpret the combination of risk factors that will lead to a high predicted CVD risk and at what age they have an impact on risk,” said lead study author Vaishnavi Krishnan, a researcher at Northwestern University. “For example, if someone has borderline-elevated levels of blood pressure, glucose, and/or impaired kidney function, but they don’t yet have hypertension or diabetes or chronic kidney disease, their risk may not be recognised. Understanding how age interacts with risk factor levels is important to optimise CKM health.” The study found that without CKM syndrome, the expected age to reach elevated CVD risk was 68 years for women and 63 for men. However, with CKM components added to the simulated patient profile, the same risk level was predicted to occur at a much younger age. The findings will be presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2024 to be held from November 16-18 in Chicago. Also Read: Arjun Kapoor reveals suffering from Hashimoto’s disease: What is it? This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
11 November,2024 09:21 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSADVERTISEMENT
