A new study by researchers at AIIMS Bhubaneswar on Monday showed a ‘hidden’ form of leprosy can silently affect the brain and spinal cord. While leprosy is an ancient disease that often leads to disfiguring skin sores, a lesser-known form of leprosy -- pure neuritic leprosy (PNL) -- can inflict significant damage without any visible skin changes. This "hidden" form of leprosy primarily affects peripheral nerves, and is often undiagnosed. Not being diagnosed on time can lead to delayed treatment and potential disabilities. The study, published in the medical journal Acta Neurologica Belgica, challenges the conventional understanding of PNL as solely a peripheral nerve disease. It highlights the importance of assessing central nervous system involvement for early detection and treatment, a finding that can lead to new therapies and treatments that can boost outcomes. A majority of PNL cases have subclinical involvement of the central nervous system, said Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Bhoi, Head of the Neurology Department, AIIMS Bhubaneswar. “This means the disease can silently affect the brain and spinal cord even without causing noticeable skin lesions -- a hallmark of leprosy,” the doctor explained. The new finding will have significant implications for leprosy diagnosis and management. It will also pave the way for earlier diagnosis and targeted interventions. "Our study shows that PNL can subtly affect the central nervous system. Such leprosy cases are often left undiagnosed due to the absence of skin-related symptoms,” Bhoi said. He stressed the need to test “both peripheral and central nervous involvement” to accelerate early detection of PNL, “allowing for treatment to reduce disability risks." Funded by the Odisha government, the study involved a comprehensive analysis of 76 patients suspected of having PNL. Using nerve biopsies, the team confirmed the diagnosis in 49 patients aged between 14 and 72. Most patients were men, a unilateral foot drop and claw hand was the most common symptom, said the researchers. The team also suggested new approaches to PNL diagnosis such as Nerve Conduction Studies, and Central Nervous System tests. Nerve Conduction Studies should be done for patients with nerve-related symptoms like sensory loss or muscle weakness without skin lesions. For a more comprehensive diagnosis, tests like VEP (for vision nerve pathways), SSEP (for sensory pathways), and BAEP (for auditory pathways) should be considered, the study said. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
05 November,2024 12:45 PM IST | New Delhi | IANS
As the digital age accelerates and societal pressures mount, stress is becoming a growing global concern—one that can significantly impact our mental and physical well-being. The World Health Organization (WHO) has highlighted the pervasive nature of stress, especially in recent years. According to the Gallup Global Emotions report (2021), nearly 190 million people worldwide experienced significantly higher stress levels in 2020. A 2022 survey by Rakuten Insight revealed that 50 per cent of Indians aged 24-34 felt more stressed or anxious in the past year. To bring attention to the negative impact of stress, promote stress management best practices in both personal and professional lives, as well as spread knowledge for overall well-being, the first Wednesday of November is observed as National Stress Awareness Day in the US. While everyone experiences stress to some degree, the way we respond to stressful situations differs. Whether it is owing to work, relationships, or finances, symptoms of stress as well as coping mechanisms vary from person to person. It is becoming increasingly important to recognise the signs of stress and implement effective coping strategies. As National Stress Awareness Day approaches, Dr. Satish Kumar CR, consultant, clinical psychology at Manipal Hospital (Old Airport Road) and Dr. Ajit Dandekar, head of department, psychiatry and mental health at Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital (Vile Parle, Mumbai) delve into the world of stress management and share practical tips for managing stress and navigate the challenges of everyday life. Stress, and its sources Stress, often perceived as a temporary inconvenience, can have far-reaching consequences for our physical and mental health. Dandekar explains, “Stress activates multiple systems within the body, each responding in ways that can prepare us for immediate challenges but may cause harm if constantly engaged. When stress occurs, the body triggers its 'fight or flight' mechanism, releasing hormones such as adrenaline to help us respond. This leads to increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and energy mobilization, all aimed at helping us face the immediate threat. However, when this system is overused due to chronic stress, it can result in issues like hypertension, fatigue, and even memory problems over time.” What causes stress? Kumar poses that work-related stressors, and financial worries are among the primary culprits. “Stress is a natural phenomenon in our lives however, it has become a pervasive issue in today’s fast-paced world. The major sources of stress come from work-related stressors where anxiety, depression, and stress are commonly reported at workplaces. This may be due to work-life imbalance, poor work environment, heavy workload, and/or job insecurity. When employees are not appreciated or acknowledged or given their due credits (in terms of promotions/raises), it also becomes a demotivating factor causing unwanted stress. Of late, the recession and the fear of losing jobs have become the major apprehensions among employees at workplaces. Other common stressors include finances, relationship problems, as well as social and environmental stressors like isolation and bullying,” he states. Symptoms of stress Stress can manifest in various ways, both physically, emotionally, and behaviourally. Kumar outlines them below: Physical symptoms: Commonly observed physical symptoms of stress are aches and pains, chest pain, high blood pressure, heartburn, sweating, sleep problems, fatigue, or headaches. Some may also have dizziness or fainting, shaking, indigestion, constipation, diarrhoea, feeling sick, muscle tension, jaw clenching, and sudden weight gain or loss. In women, there can also be changes to the menstrual cycle. Emotional signs: Anxiety, irritability, depression, anger, and panic attacks are most commonly associated with emotional signs of stress. When you’re sad, you may also become restless, sad, worried, anxious, hopeless, or scared, struggling to make decisions. Stress can also affect your circadian rhythm and disrupt your sleep patterns (sleep deficit or excessive sleep). Behavioural symptoms: This is often associated with certain behaviours such as excessive alcohol use, smoking or drug abuse, gambling disorder, or compulsive shopping. How does chronic stress impact our physical and mental health? Chronic stress can impact your physical and mental health in many ways. “It can most commonly lead to mental health disorders like anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and negative thinking are other mental health issues that can be aggravated by stress,” says Kumar. Elaborating on the immense toll it can take on your physical health, he says, “Stress puts you at risk of many health issues like high blood pressure, increased heart rate, and heart disease. The immune system can become weak, making you more susceptible to infections and illnesses. There can be repeated infections and stomach problems like diarrhoea, heartburn, ulcers, and irritable bowel syndrome. Muscle tension, aches, and pains, and back or neck pain are also common in stressed individuals. Many people may also develop eating disorders which can lead to sudden weight loss and weight gain.” Five coping strategies for stress management Dandekar shares coping strategies to help you manage stress effectively: Mindfulness and meditation: Practices like meditation and mindfulness can help you focus on the present moment, reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation. Regular mindfulness exercises can help you become more aware of your thoughts and feelings, allowing you to manage stress more effectively. Physical activity: Regular physical activity, such as walking, running, or yoga, can help reduce stress hormones and boost mood. Exercise can also improve sleep quality, which is crucial for managing stress. Cultivating healthy habits: Prioritise a healthy lifestyle by eating a balanced diet, getting enough sleep, and limiting your intake of caffeine and alcohol. These habits can help you feel more energised and better equipped to handle stress. Time management techniques: Effective time management can help you feel more in control of your life and reduce stress. Techniques like creating to-do lists, setting priorities, and breaking down large tasks into smaller, more manageable ones can help you stay organised and reduce stress. Seek professional help: If you're struggling to manage stress alone, consider seeking professional help from a therapist or counsellor. They can provide tools and strategies to help you cope with stress and improve your overall well-being. Effective time management techniques to reduce stress “Effective time management is considered an important technique to reduce stress and improve your overall well-being. This can be achieved by prioritising tasks and using effective time management practices,” says Kumar. He lists effective time management techniques to reduce stress in your everyday life. Identify your prioritiesWorking individuals should maintain a delicate balance between work and personal life. Categorising tasks can be done using the Eisenhower Matrix – this will help you filter out tasks from very urgent to not urgent/not important. Allocate specific time blocks for different tasks and ensure to finish them within that time frame. Pomodoro techniqueThis renowned technique is another effective time management method that suggests focused work for 25-minute intervals with short breaks (5-10 minutes). This can enhance both workplace productivity and overall well-being. Minimise distractions Stay focused on one task at a time and avoid any distractions (phone or entertainment) that may cause a delay in it. This will help you complete tasks quicker. Set boundariesSet time boundaries around work activities so that they don't interrupt your time. Practice self-careSelf-care is as important as your professional growth in life to keep your health in check. Consider psychological support from medical experts. Psychological stress management programs become important when you can’t cope with stress and it starts to affect daily life. Psychologists can help you with meaningful discussions regularly to ease your stress and direct you toward stress-busting activities. When should you seek professional help for stress management? While many individuals can manage stress through self-care techniques, it's crucial to recognise when stress becomes overwhelming and begins to negatively impact daily life. “Professional help should be sought when stress becomes chronic or begins to interfere significantly with daily life. Prominent indicators to watch out for include Persistent fatigue, difficulty sleeping, feelings of depression or anxiety, and physical symptoms such as high blood pressure or headaches that do not subside are not be ignored,” suggests Dandekar. He concludes by saying that if coping mechanisms do not alleviate symptoms or if stress leads to unhealthy habits (e.g., reliance on alcohol), consulting a mental health professional can guide in developing more structured stress management techniques.
05 November,2024 12:27 PM IST | Mumbai | Maitrai AgarwalWomen with a history of concussion face a 25 per cent higher risk of having severe mental health issues after childbirth, according to a new study on Monday. The research, led by a team of Canadian researchers, underscored the importance of identifying individuals with past concussions early in their prenatal care and highlighted the need for long-term, trauma-informed support to safeguard their mental health. “We found that individuals with a history of concussion were significantly more likely to experience serious mental health challenges, such as psychiatric emergency department visits or self-harm, in the years following childbirth,” said lead author Samantha Krueger, from McMaster University in Canada. Krueger noted that the link “was especially strong for people with no prior mental health history”. The study noted that “concussion may be an important but overlooked risk factor during pregnancy and postpartum care”. The team followed more than 750,000 birthing people across Ontario between 2007 and 2017 and tracked mental health outcomes for up to 14 years after delivery. The results, published in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, showed that 11 per cent of women with a history of concussion experienced severe maternal mental illness, compared to 7 per cent for those without prior concussions. Even after adjusting for various factors like age, income, and history of interpersonal violence, concussion was associated with a 25 per cent higher risk of severe mental illness. Importantly, among women without a pre-existing mental health diagnosis, a prior concussion increased the risk of developing severe maternal mental illness by 33 per cent, compared to those with no concussion history. The study also pointed out a lack of sleep among women following childbirth, as a risk factor. “Sleep is critical to recovery after a head injury, but sleep deprivation is a reality for many new parents,” said Dr. Hilary Brown, Associate Professor in the Department of Health and Society at the University of Toronto Scarborough. “Cognitive impairments, sensitivities to light and noise, and the stress of caring for a newborn can all intensify concussion symptoms, which in turn may raise the risk of mental health issues over time,” Brown added. The researchers stressed the need for routine antenatal screening for concussion history, provision of mental health resources, and the use of trauma-informed care during the postpartum period. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
05 November,2024 11:43 AM IST | New Delhi | IANS
Do you like extra salt in your food while cooking? Do you consume a lot of packaged food? All these practices are leading to an excessive consumption of sodium, the primary ingredient of salt. While sodium is an essential nutrient, its unbalanced use can lead to various health complications. A recent modelling study conducted by researchers from multiple institutes and published in The Lancet Public Health found that complying with the World Health Organisation’s sodium benchmarks could avert almost 3 lakh deaths from cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease in the first 10 years in India. Bringing the sodium intake down is also estimated to avert 17 lakh cardiovascular disease events and 7 lakh new chronic disease cases in the first 10 years of compliance.WHO’s sodium benchmarksWHO had released global sodium benchmarks for different food categories in 2021 and a revised version in 2024, also specifying recommended levels of sodium in some packaged foods.Here are global benchmarks of sodium for some common packaged food categories:• Crackers/savoury biscuits: 580 mg/100 g • Nuts, seeds and kernels: 280 mg/100 g • Potato, vegetable and grain chips, popcorn and extruded snacks: 470 mg/100 g • Minimally processed breakfast cereals: 120 mg/100 g • Highly processed breakfast cereals: 280 mg/100 g • Canned foods: 225 mg/100 g • Leavened bread: 370 mg/100 g • Flatbreads: 320 mg/100 g • Pickles, sweet and sour: 560 mg/100 g It becomes important to read nutritional labels to ensure daily sodium consumption is well within the recommended standard.Sharvari Umesh Gude, Senior Dietician, Manipal Hospital, Goa, informs, “Recommended intake of sodium is less than 5 g per day. While cooking, the best way to measure is 1 pinch of salt is equivalent to 1 g.”Stressing on how packaged foods often lead to excessive sodium intake, she says, “High sodium intake can be due to packaged food items as a high amount of salt is used to ensure food is kept fresh or edible for a longer period of time, which enables the food items to adsorb more sodium compared to freshly cooked food. Cooked food has less salt added in it as it's freshly cooked and is not stored for more than two or three days.”How does excessive sodium intake impact health?Excessive intake of sodium, primarily through salt, can cause a range of health issues related to blood pressure, heart and kidney.Dr. Vivek Mahajan, Consultant, Interventional Cardiology, Fortis Hospital, Kalyan, informs, “Kidneys can excrete only a certain amount of sodium a day. If you consume excessive sodium, it gets retained in the body and stored in blood vessels. Now, sodium has the property of attracting water. When it pulls a lot of water, the volume of the blood in the blood vessels increases. This leads to a rise in blood pressure.”“Sodium can cause approximately a 5-10 mm Hg rise in blood pressure. This can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders like stroke, myocardial infarction (heart attack), brain bleeding, etc. In the long run, it can impact kidney function also. It’s a cycle. Every 10 mm Hg rise in blood pressure increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases by two times,” he further explains.Excessive sodium intake can have visible effects on the body. Gude elaborates, “High intake of sodium can lead to bloating due to water retention in the body, swelling of feet and ankles, headaches due to high blood pressure, frequent urination and adding load on the kidneys for excretion of the waste products from the body. One might also experience palpitations due to high blood pressure.”Is too little sodium also harmful?Excessive sodium intake has considerable health implications, consuming less than recommended levels of sodium can also cause issues since sodium is an essential nutrient.“Absolutely no sodium can also cause disorders like hyponatraemia, which can give rise to neurological emergencies like drowsiness. This condition can also be life-threatening,” informs Dr. Mahajan.“The recommended level is 2.4 to 6 g on a daily basis. It should not be less or more,” he adds.Managing sodium consumptionSome foods are rich in sodium, while others act as a healthy alternative. Cutting back on sodium is essential to manage the health complications that arise out of its excessive consumption.Dr. Mahajan recommends the following steps:• We put salt in the food according to taste. If you put 5 per cent less salt than what is needed to give you the required taste, i.e., if you can stay a little deprived of the perfect taste, you can significantly cut down sodium levels in your diet. • Do not add extra salt to your food, i.e., add more salt after the food is prepared. If the salt is too deficient in the food, use a sprinkler instead of a spoon to add it. This will ensure a controlled amount goes into the dish. What to eat and what not to eatPackaged foods are a major source of sodium intake in a large population. To control sodium levels in the body, Dr. Mahajan advises, “Avoid packed foods like chips, namkeen, sev, chivda, etc. All these items are extremely rich in salt content because you need it to preserve what is inside. Food prepared in restaurants also usually doesn’t have low salt. It is always made according to taste, so avoiding that can also help. Bakery items like breads, cakes, and biscuits contain soda, which is also sodium. So cutting down on that is also important.”Stating other food items that are rich in sodium content, Gude says, “Foods high in sodium are red meats, shellfish, sauces and pickles, preserved food items like papad, dried fish, sausage and salami, frozen non-veg food items, frozen green peas, etc.”One can opt for healthier alternatives to manage dietary sodium levels.“Some people advocate for alternatives like black salt, rock salt, etc. These are fine. But the aim should be to not use excess of any kind of salt,” suggests Dr. Mahajan.Additionally, to counterbalance the salt intake, potassium is an essential nutrient. “Food rich in potassium like green leafy vegetables, sprouts, fruits, etc., can help mitigate sodium’s harmful effects,” he adds.Gude suggests the following:• Foods like herbs, lemon juice, or fresh coriander leaves, curry leaves, and spices like crushed chilli flakes and black pepper powder can be used. • Opt for freshly cooked food rather than precooked or preserved food items. • Cook food without adding salt, and one pinch of salt can be added while dishing out the food for the meals. She also suggests the following dishes that can be prepared with minimal sodium.• Soya beans pulav (no added preserved food items) • Fresh fish curry (add lemon juice instead of kokum or tamarind)
05 November,2024 11:08 AM IST | Mumbai | Raaina JainPoor air quality may not only spike respiratory, cardiac, and mental health issues but can also lead to weight gain and obesity -- a precursor to several diseases, said doctors on Monday, even as the national capital saw worse pollution levels. On Monday, Delhi's air quality further plummeted with the Air Quality Index (AQI) surpassing 400 in multiple parts of the national capital, placing it in the 'severe' category. Areas including Anand Vihar (433), Ashok Vihar (410), Rohini (411), and Vivek Vihar (426) registered AQI levels above 400, according to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). Other regions like Dwarka, Patparganj, Jahangirpuri, and Punjabi Bagh also recorded 'severe' AQI levels. Different studies have proven that an increase in PM10 & PM2.5 leads to an increase in Body Mass Index (BMI). Long-term exposure to toxic air -- consisting of particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide -- can drive systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbances. These factors are crucial in weight gain and obesity. Besides causing damage to the lungs, liver, and kidneys, PM2.5 can also influence metabolism rates. The health experts noted that poor air quality can force people to stay indoors and decrease physical activity levels -- leading to obesity. “People of Delhi are getting scared to go out of their homes. The outdoor activity of younger children who are in the growing phase of their lives, are severely restricted due to which they engage themselves in indoor activities such as playing games on the phone or watching television. Lack of physical exercise in this group of patients and overeating leads to the problem of obesity,” Dr (prof) Bobby Bhalotra, Vice Chairman, Department of Respiratory Medicine at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, told IANS. He added that patients suffering from hypertension and diabetes are also at risk of weight gain. “These patients have to do the walking as part of their treatment and they are used to walking every day to burn extra calories and keep their muscles active. Due to air pollution, they are locked inside their home and hence are gaining weight. Obesity in both of these groups of patients is mentally as physically very harmful,” Bhalotra added. According to a recent meta-analysis published in the journal BMC Public Health, air pollution can impair metabolic function by influencing inflammation in fat tissue, increasing oxidative stress, and altering individual dietary habits, with a "negative effect on glucose metabolism" -- leading to weight gain. “Different studies have proven that an increase in PM 10 and PM 2.5 leads to an increase in body mass index (BMI). This effect is more pronounced in adolescence where rise in obesity is related to increase in air pollution,” Dr. Vivek Bindal, Director & Head– Max Institute of Minimal Access, Bariatric & Robotic Surgery, Max Super Speciality Hospital, told IANS. Also Read: Midday Explains | Weight-loss drugs, diet fads, viral trends: Are they worth it for weight management? Experts answer This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
04 November,2024 07:19 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSPregnancy can be accompanied with various health challenges in a woman’s life. One of these is the risk of arthritis, which can cause discomfort and pain. Arthritis causes pain and swelling in the joints, a condition that can be aggravated during pregnancy. This health challenge can present itself in different forms. In a conversation with mid-day.com, Dr. Vanitha Vaishnav, MBBS, MS, OBGYN (Fellowship in Reproductive Medicine), Apollo Cradle and Children’s Hospital, Bangalore, discusses the symptoms, effects and tips for managing arthritis during pregnancy. Symptoms of arthritis and its effect on pregnancy There are several signs that point towards arthritis. Dr. Vaishnav shares the following: Joint pain and stiffness: It's common in affected areas, such as hands, knees, and hips, which are worse after periods of inactivity. Swelling and redness: Inflammation can cause noticeable swelling and warmth in the affected joints. Fatigue: Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronic fatigue and often, a person in the condition becomes unable to sustain energy. Limited range of motion: Joints may seem to be stiff and not able to move easily through their full range. Morning stiffness: This is found to be most common in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, in which the pain and stiffness at the joints are specially seen on waking up in the morning. Joint deformities: Finally, with progressive arthritis, the joints begin to deform, and fingers or toes may look somewhat skewed. Management of arthritis during pregnancy Usually, arthritis can be managed through medicines. However, in the sensitive period of pregnancy, it is not safe to give any and every medicine because some may also have a negative effect on the baby. “Some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be given in the first and second trimester, but the third trimester of pregnancy is very important. Using these medicines at this time can be risky, so it is necessary to consult a doctor for this. According to the situation, the doctor can give an alternative to the medicines,” informs Dr. Vaishnav. The effects of arthritis can be reduced to a great extent by making some lifestyle changes during pregnancy. Dr. Vaishnav recommends the following: Yoga: Gentle stretching exercises of yoga, such as Tadasana, Vajrasana and Vrikshasana, help in the movement of joints and improve blood flow and relieve pain. Swimming: Swimming stretches the whole body, which helps in the movement of joints and increases flexibility in the joints, which reduces pain. Balanced diet: Diet plays an important role in reducing any disease. Consuming a balanced diet that includes nutrients like calcium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids can provide great relief from pain. Arthritis during pregnancy needs to be properly supervised and coordinated with the suitable doctor. Disclaimer: This is for informational purposes only. Consult a qualified expert for personalised guidance. Also Read: World Arthritis Day 2024: Why more young people are developing arthritis
04 November,2024 07:04 PM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondentAmid concerns that sitting is the new smoking, a new study showed that being sedentary for over 8.5 hours daily or 60 hours a week while commuting, in office, or at home can make you age faster and raise significant health risks. Importantly, the study showed that a young age or 20 minutes of moderate activity like walking cannot buffer the effects. Instead, vigorous activity like running or cycling for 30 minutes daily can help, but not completely. Chandra Reynolds, Professor in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of Colorado Boulder in the US, said that "sitting less throughout the day, getting more vigorous exercise, or a combination of both may be necessary to reduce the risk of premature ageing in early adulthood". The team analysed more than 1,000 people with an average age of 33, and included 730 twins, to explore how prolonged sitting impacts cholesterol and body mass index (BMI) in young adults. The participants logged 9 hours of sitting daily while engaging in moderate physical activity between 80 and 160 minutes. The results, published in the journal PLOS One, noted that “the more one sat, the older one looked”. Further, the team said that young adults who sat 8.5 hours per day and performed at or below current exercise recommendations could be in a "moderate to high risk" category for cardiovascular and metabolic disease. "Taking a quick walk after work may not be enough," said Reynolds, noting that the "associations are already emerging in early adulthood." On the other hand, people who did a vigorous exercise like running or cycling for 30 minutes daily had cholesterol and BMI measures that looked like those of individuals 5 to 10 years younger. However, it was not enough. The researchers said that one should reduce sitting time at work by using a standing desk, taking breaks, and organising walking meetings. Also Read: Insomnia therapy in pregnancy can prevent postpartum depression: Study This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
04 November,2024 02:44 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSMetabolic risk factors such as hypertension, high blood sugar, obesity, and abnormal cholesterol are the major conditions that are linked to kidney problems, and worsen the risk of strokes in patients with kidney disease, said experts on Monday. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is independently known to exacerbate the risk of stroke. A recent study published in the European Heart Journal showed that people with kidney failure are many times more likely to have a heart attack or stroke. They also have a higher risk of dying as a result, the study showed. “Patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates (indicating kidneys are not filtering waste properly) face a 40 per cent higher likelihood of experiencing a stroke. In addition, proteinuria (excess protein in the urine), a common feature of CKD, can raise stroke risk by approximately 70 per cent,” Dr PN Renjen, Senior Consultant, Neurology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, told IANS. Renjen said that the interrelationship between CKD, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and stroke is significant and complex. MetS, characterised by obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, is a major risk factor for CKD and cardiovascular diseases, including stroke. Studies indicate that individuals with MetS have a 50 per cent higher risk of developing CKD compared to those without it. “The mechanisms linking these conditions include oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, which adversely affect kidney function and increase stroke risk,” Renjen explained. Dr. Darshan Doshi, Consultant Neurology, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, told IANS that chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and vascular damage establish the link between stroke and metabolic syndrome. “Individuals with metabolic syndrome often face increased stroke risk, and this is compounded in those with chronic kidney disease, particularly patients on dialysis, who are more prone to both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes,” Doshi said. The experts called for effective management of blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol, and weight through lifestyle changes to reduce the risk. Also Read: World Stroke Day: Why young adults face a higher risk of stroke from lifestyle choices This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever
04 November,2024 02:18 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSIn a world-first, Swiss scientists have developed 3D cell models using lip cells, an advance that can help develop new treatments for injuries and infections. To date, models using lip cells -- which perform differently from other skin cells -- have not been available. “The lip is a very prominent feature of our face,” said Dr Martin Degen of the University of Bern in Switzerland. “Any defects in this tissue can be highly disfiguring. But until now, human lip cell models for developing treatments were lacking,” Degen added. To fill the gap, the scientists successfully immortalised donated lip cells. This enabled them to develop clinically relevant lip models in the lab, The team selected skin cells from tissue donated by two patients: one undergoing treatment for a lip laceration, and one undergoing treatment for a cleft lip. Using a retroviral vector, the team deactivated a gene that stops a cell’s life cycle. They also altered the length of the telomeres on the ends of each chromosome to improve the cells’ longevity. The new cell lines were then tested rigorously to retain the same characteristics as primary cells; and looked for any chromosomal abnormalities, revealed the scientists in the paper published in Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. Finally, they carried out tests to see how the cells might perform as future experimental models for lip healing or infections. They scratched samples of the cells to see if the cells could act as accurate proxies for wound healing, While untreated cells closed the wound in eight hours, those treated with growth factors closed the wound more quickly. These results matched those seen in skin cells from other body parts. After developing 3D models using the cells, the scientists infected them with Candida albicans -- a yeast that can cause serious infections in people with weak immune systems or cleft lips. The cells performed as expected, and the pathogen rapidly invaded the model as it would infect real lip tissue. “We are convinced that 3D models established from healthy immortalised lip cells have the potential to be very useful in many other fields of medicine,” said Degen, noting that the proof-of-concept, once expanded, could benefit thousands of patients. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
04 November,2024 12:24 PM IST | New Delhi | IANS
In an age dominated by screens and social media, the aftermath of the festive season often leaves many feeling drained; not just from holiday celebrations, but from the overwhelming digital engagement that accompanies them. The joy of connecting with friends and family is often overshadowed by feelings of anxiety, stress, and burnout that can stem from excessive screen time and social media use. Mid-day.com spoke to Dr. Kedar Tilwe, Consultant Psychiatrist, Fortis Hospital Mulund and Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, Vashi, to understand the importance of digital detoxing after the festivities, and the profound impact of our online habits on our mental well-being. People who have opted for a digital detox also share their experiences. The signs you need a digital detox As the celebrations come to a close, many may not realise they are exhibiting signs of digital fatigue. Dr. Tilwe identifies several indicators that suggest it might be time for a break from our devices. "Mindlessly doom-scrolling or binge-watching for hours can lead to neglecting essential daily tasks and self-care," he notes. Another sign, he says, is choosing to engage with screens over spending quality time with loved ones. “Snubbing partners, family, or social interactions to get your digital fix may mean that you need to reassess your digital habits,” he adds. Understanding the causes of post-festival anxiety The pressure to keep up with the demands of social media can lead to increased anxiety, particularly during high-engagement seasons like festivals. Dr. Tilwe points out several underlying reasons for this stress: • The festive season, often marked by social media buzz and an abundance of online sharing, can lead to feelings of stress and anxiety. There is this pressure that makes you want to keep up with the demands of social media. • The pressure to catch up on unfinished tasks can become overwhelming too. People often experience ideas of guilt about the engagements and commitments they missed out on, which can heighten stress levels. • This sense of urgency, combined with disrupted daily routines, often leaves individuals feeling anxious and unsettled as they try to transition to normalcy. Recognising these triggers can help individuals take proactive steps to mitigate their effects. The impact of excessive screen time on health The relationship between screen time and health is increasingly concerning, especially during and after festive seasons. One of the most concerning impacts is its effect on sleep quality. Excessive digital engagement can affect sleep, focus and emotional health. Dr. Tilwe informs the blue light emitted by screens disrupts the natural sleep-wake cycle. This disruption can lead to a cascade of negative outcomes, including lethargy, irritability and difficulty concentrating. These issues can create a cycle of fatigue and emotional distress, further emphasising the need for a digital detox. Many people experience ‘burnout’ after extensive online interactions during the festive season. Dr. Tilwe describes burnout as a state of mental, physical and emotional exhaustion that often arises from prolonged screen engagement. This exhaustion can manifest “a sense of physical as well as mental fatigue”. The increase in social media engagement around festive seasons often correlates with a rise in individuals seeking help for screen addiction. Dr. Tilwe observes that clients commonly report issues like decreased self-esteem, anxiety, lowered frustration tolerance and sleep disturbances. Small steps toward healthier digital habits So, how can we reclaim our time and mental space after the holidays? Dr. Tilwe suggests several immediate and manageable steps. • Utilise digital timers and mobile nightlights to help regulate screen time effectively. • It's also crucial to practise good sleep hygiene, turn off screens at least half an hour before bedtime, and encourage the whole family to do the same. • These small adjustments can lead to significant improvements in overall well-being. Battling the comparison culture Social media thrives on the culture of comparison. Seeing others' posts can trigger feelings of inadequacy and lower self-esteem. “Apart from the fear of missing out (FOMO), constant comparisons over social media converts a happy experience to a mathematical calculation of likes and shares resulting in feelings of devaluation and low self-esteem,” Dr. Tilwe explains. To counter this, he recommends focusing on the experience itself and sharing content at the end of the day rather than during the celebrations. Avoiding social media while enjoying festivities can significantly lessen FOMO and enhance your overall experience. By shifting focus from external validation to personal fulfillment, we can enhance our mental well-being. To further highlight this, 23-year-old Twisha*, who is currently preparing for CAT and has opted for a digital detox, shares, “The best part of taking this break is that I don’t know what people are posting on social media so I won’t care that I’m just sitting in my bed wearing my pyjamas eating sweets and see others go out, have fun in their way; I mean I won’t have anything to compare myself with, so that’s my way of being away and content with myself.” The long-term benefits of a digital detox As social media has become an integral part of our lives, maintaining a proper digital detox schedule will allow for improvement in our focus and concentration. When sleep disturbances are reduced, there is overall improvement in our physical and mental well-being. Engaging in regular digital detox practices can yield substantial long-term benefits for mental health. Dr. Tilwe emphasises that maintaining a balanced digital lifestyle can enhance focus and concentration. “Improved sleep leads to better physical and mental health outcomes, helping individuals regain their vitality and emotional balance. These benefits are especially pronounced among younger demographics, such as teens and young adults, who frequently navigate the complexities of social media,” he says. Mindfulness practices to stay connected In a world where social media is often perceived as the only means of connection, incorporating mindful practices can help foster genuine connections without feeling disconnected. “Mindful breathing, mindful eating, five sense exercise and grounding are some of the mindfulness-based techniques which shall help a person stay and enjoy the present moment,” Dr. Tilwe explains. The five-sense exercise involves spending time observing your surroundings using all your five senses to anchor yourself in the present moment. These practices can help mitigate the overwhelming feelings that often accompany excessive digital use. Sharing how digital detox helped her, Megha*, a 21-year-old engineering student, says, “I decided to try this (digital detox) because I was not feeling nice. I’m not a photogenic person in general, so I rarely post my pictures online. And during festivals or academic year end, people tend to post so much but I don’t, so I usually take a break because I know that I'm going to get FOMO for sure and just feel good in my zone.” As we navigate the post-festival landscape, it’s vital to acknowledge the role that digital engagement plays in our mental well-being. By recognising the signs of digital fatigue, understanding the sources of our stress, and implementing small, manageable changes, we can begin to restore balance in our lives. A digital detox is not just a temporary escape but a necessary practice for sustaining our mental well-being in an increasingly digital world. Also read: Understanding brain tumors: Symptoms, causes, risk factors and treatment *Names have been changed Disclaimer: This is for informational purposes only. Consult a qualified expert for personalised guidance.
04 November,2024 11:31 AM IST | Mumbai | Jyoti ShuklaNot just genes, a new study has found that socio-economic factors such as education, occupation and wealth can also impact the likelihood of developing cognitive impairment or dementia in later life and whether a person is likely to recover. By estimating the time spent in each cognitive state and the likelihood of transitions to neuro-cognitive disorders such as cognitive impairment and dementia, the researchers from University College London (UCL) were able to gain a comprehensive understanding of how socioeconomic factors impact the progression of a person’s disorder, as well as the duration spent within each cognitive state over time. Lead author Aswathikutty Gireesh from UCL Epidemiology and Health Care said that it is possible that education and intellectually demanding jobs provide more mental stimulation and help to build a stronger brain reserve to help protect individuals against cognitive impairment and dementia. The study, published in the journal Scientific Reports, highlights the critical role of wealth, education, and occupation not only in reducing the risk of transitioning from mild cognitive impairment to dementia but also in increasing the likelihood of reversing cognitive impairment to a healthy cognitive state, which is promising, said senior author Dr Dorina Cadar from UCL Department of Behavioural Science and Health and Brighton and Sussex Medical School. The researchers tracked how people moved between various states: healthy, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. They also considered the possibility of reversals, where individuals improved from a mild cognitive impairment state to a healthy one. The team found that people from more socioeconomically advantaged backgrounds were less likely to move from a healthy cognitive state to mild cognitive impairment, or from mild cognitive impairment to dementia compared to those with primary education (no higher than secondary school), working in manual or routine occupations, and in the most socioeconomically disadvantaged third of the population. For instance, having a post-secondary education level was linked with a 43 per cent lower chance of moving from a healthy cognitive state to mild cognitive impairment. Meanwhile, being in the wealthiest third of the population was linked with a 26 per cent lower chance of shifting from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Notably, these advantaged individuals were also more likely to recover from mild cognitive impairment and return to a healthy cognitive state, with wealthy individuals being 56 per cent more likely and those with post-secondary education level or working in manual occupation being 81 per cent more likely to improve, compared to socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals. “Additionally, people with higher education, more intellectually demanding jobs, and wealth have better access to healthcare and health-promoting resources such as a nutritious diet, exercise, and preventive care – all of which can support cognitive health,” said Gireesh. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
04 November,2024 11:20 AM IST | New Delhi | IANSADVERTISEMENT
