Eid-e-Milad: The diverse perspectives of Muslims on its celebration

The commemoration of Mawlid or Eid-e-Milad, which marks the birth of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), is a practice in Islamic tradition, but not all Muslims celebrate it, and the observance varies significantly among different Islamic traditions and communities.

In Islamic tradition, the birth of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is a significant event, and many Muslims hold it in high regard. The celebration of Mawlid is a way for them to express their love, respect, and admiration for the Prophet, Allah's messenger. However, it is essential to note that the celebration of Mawlid is not universally accepted in all Islamic traditions, and opinions on its permissibility within Islam differ widely.

Mawlid is traditionally observed on the 12th day of the third month of the Islamic calendar, known as Rabi' al-awwal. While the celebration is widespread, its nature and extent can vary greatly depending on cultural and regional factors.

In many predominantly Muslim countries, from Pakistan to Malaysia to Sudan, the annual commemoration of the Prophet's birthday is a significant event. This celebration, known as Mawlid al-Nabi or Eid-e-Milad in some regions, is observed with varying degrees of fervour.

The practices associated with Mawlid celebrations are diverse and reflect the cultural and social context of the communities that observe it. In some places, Mawlid is observed quietly, with individuals fasting and reading the Quran as a mark of devotion. In contrast, in other regions, especially in the subcontinent, children dress up in bright colours and receive small sugar-made horses or dolls as part of the festive tradition.

The essence of these diverse practices, however, remains constant: they serve as a means of expressing the admirable qualities of the Prophet (PBUH) and emphasising his significance to his followers. It's a time for Muslims to come together, reflect on the life and teachings of Prophet Muhammad (SAW), and strengthen their sense of unity and brotherhood.

Also read: Feeling 80 in your 20s due to back pain? Experts share tips to prevent it

Some Muslims, particularly those in more conservative or puritanical branches of Islam, view Mawlid celebrations as an innovation (bid'ah) in religion and choose not to participate. They argue that there is no explicit mention of the celebration in the Holy Quran or Hadith, the recorded sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). As a result, they consider it a practice that should be abandoned.

The debate over the permissibility of Mawlid celebrations continues within the Muslim world, reflecting the diversity of Islamic thought and interpretation. Different communities and schools of thought have their perspectives on the matter, leading to varying practices and beliefs.

One of the key factors influencing the acceptance or rejection of Mawlid celebrations is the historical and cultural context. In some regions and cultures, commemorating Mawlid has become a cherished cultural tradition that extends beyond religious significance. These local customs and practices influence the way Mawlid is observed in these areas.

Also read: Inktober 2023: Mumbai art enthusiasts reveal why they still keep coming back to the challenge

It's important to recognise that Wahhabism, an ultra-conservative Islamic movement that emerged in the 18th century in what is now Saudi Arabia, takes a particularly critical stance on the celebration of Mawlid. Wahhabis emphasise a strict and literal interpretation of the Quran and Hadith and are wary of practices they perceive as idolatrous or departing from the core tenets of monotheism. This includes their view of Mawlid celebrations as heretical or innovative.

The Wahhabi movement, initiated in 1744 by Muhammad Ibn Abdel Wahab, a religious scholar and reformer, sought to purify Islamic practices and return to what they considered the original teachings of Islam. Muhammad Ibn Saud, a political leader and founder of the Saud dynasty, sought the religious guidance of Ibn Abdel Wahab to legitimise his authority and challenge the Ottoman Empire's control over the Arabian Peninsula.

Over time, Wahhabism gained influence and expanded its reach across the Muslim world, including countries like Yemen, post-Soviet states, Tunisia, and Egypt. The movement's strict interpretation of Islam led to actions such as restricting worship at saints' tombs and even demolishing certain holy sites.

Critics of Wahhabism argue that it suppresses innate human inclinations, such as the desire to honour and celebrate a prophet. They contend that it leads to a rigid and austere interpretation of Islam that can alienate individuals from their faith's deeper spiritual and cultural aspects.

Another perspective within the Islamic tradition comes from the Deoband Seminary in Uttar Pradesh. This religious institution, known as Darul Uloom Deoband, also disapproves of Mawlid celebrations. In a verdict available on its website, the seminary states that the celebration of Mawlid is not supported by the Holy Quran, Hadith, or the era of the Sahaba (Prophet's companions) and their successors. Therefore, they consider it an innovation that should be abandoned.

In contrast, many Muslims worldwide view Mawlid as a time of love, reverence, and admiration for the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The celebration takes various forms, from quiet acts of worship and reflection to more festive traditions involving children and the community. Regardless of the specific practices, the central theme remains the same: to express deep respect for the Prophet and his teachings.

In essence, Mawlid reflects the diversity of Islamic thought and practice. It is celebrated by many Muslims as a significant and cherished occasion, while others abstain from it due to their interpretation of Islamic teachings.