Which exercises are effective for people with COPD?

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According to the World Health Organization, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide, causing 3.5 million deaths in 2021.

One common symptom and effect of COPD is difficulty in breathing. Certain kinds of exercises are not advisable in this situation. However, with the right exercise routine, individuals can improve lung function, strengthen muscles and enhance overall quality of life.

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In a conversation with mid-day.com, Dr Sarat Behera, Sr Consultant, Critical Care and Pulmonologist, Manipal Hospital, Bhubaneshwar, shares effective exercises that can help improve the condition.

Breathing exercises within tolerance: Practice breath control to maximise oxygen absorption and minimise dyspnea. Breath control techniques such as abdominal breath and pursed-lip breath are capable enough to reduce the impact of dry breath and enhance lung capacity.

Yoga and pranayama: Yoga, in particular pranayama (breathing workouts), can be beneficial for people with COPD. It can help lower blood pressure, expand the lungs and induce calmness.

Muscle tightening exercises: A strategy to improve strength and endurance involves tightness/relaxation of the muscles in arms, legs, and torso. The exercises help blood flow and relieve fatigue causing better movement.

Aerobic exercise (moderate intensity): Things like walking, cycling and dancing help the heart and lungs. Aerobic exercise performed regularly is good for the heart and people with COPD and increases general endurance.

Resistance training: Resistance training is also valuable, as weights and bands help to strengthen muscles critical for breathing and posture, both vital components of function with COPD.

Guidelines for people with COPD

While certain exercises can help improve COPD, one should keep the following guidelines in mind, according to Dr Behera.

Avoid intense or prolonged breathing effort: Do not do anything that troubles you breathing or any exercise that puts a lot of stress on lungs. Make sure to listen to your body and pull back if anything feels uncomfortable.

Maintain a healthy weight: Maintaining a healthy weight can ease the burden on lungs and heart. Obesity aggravates the respiratory distress whereas good weight ensures better functioning of lungs.

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Working out for 30 to 40 minutes four times a week is advisable. Additionally, Dr Behera recommends, "Avoid exposure to dust and pollutants that can trigger COPD symptoms by opting for outdoor spaces like parks or open areas. Regular exercise, when done safely, can really improve your quality of life and control over the COPD."

Disclaimer: This is for informational purposes only. Consult a qualified medical expert for personalised guidance.